Parsing the phenotype of obsessive-compulsive tic disorder (OCTD): a multidisciplinary consensus |
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Authors: | Bernardo Dell’Osso Donatella Marazziti Umberto Albert Stefano Pallanti Orsola Gambini Antonio Tundo |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, CA, USA;3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;4. Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy;5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;6. Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;7. Institute of Psychopathology, Rome, Italy |
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Abstract: | Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Tic Disorder (TD) are highly disabling and often comorbid conditions. Of note, the DSM-5 acknowledged a new ‘tic-related’ specifier for OCD, which might be referred to as Obsessive-Compulsive Tic Disorder (OCTD), raising new interest toward a better clinical characterisation of affected patients. Available literature indicates that early onset, male gender, sensory phenomena and obsessions of symmetry, aggressiveness, hoarding, exactness and sounds as well as comorbidity with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may be of more frequent observation in patients with OCTD. In order to share expertise in the field from different perspectives, a multidisciplinary panel of Italian clinicians, specifically involved in the clinical care of OCD and TD patients, participated into a consensus initiative, aimed to produce a shared document. As a result, after having examined the most relevant literature, authors sought to critically identify and discuss main epidemiologic, socio-demographic and clinical features characterising OCTD patients, along with other specific aspects including Health-Related Quality-of-Life (HRQoL), economic consequences related with the condition and its management, as well as treatment-related issues, that need to be further investigated. |
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Keywords: | Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Tic Disorder (TD) Obsessive-Compulsive Tic Disorder (OCTD) |
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