安阳市22年间肾综合征出血热流行趋势分析

[目的]了解安阳市1984～2005年肾综合征出血热流行趋势,为制订有效的防治措施提供依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学现况研究方法,对1984～2005年HFRS疫情监测资料与宿主动物调查资料进行分析。[结果]22年全市HFRS累计发病2621例,年平均发病率2.44/10万,死亡24例,病死率0.92%。1984年出现首例病例,1986年出现第1次流行高峰,以后逐渐下降,1994年出现第2次流行高峰,持续3年,随后下降,2001年出现第3次流行小高峰。发病季节为每年的3～6月份;农村发病率明显高于城市;20～49岁的青壮年农民发病最多;男性发病率高于女性。疫区平均鼠密度为7.35%;优势鼠种带毒率以褐家鼠为主,带毒率为68.52%。[结论]该市应开展大面积灭鼠工作,以男性青壮年农民为重点人群进行HFRS疫苗的接种,以控制HFRS的流行。

ANALYSIS O N EPIDEMIC TENDENCY OF HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME IN ANYANG CITY DURING THE PAST 22 YEARS

[Objective] To describe the epidemic trend of HFRS in Anyang city from 1984 to 2005, to provide scientific basis for HFRS control and prevention. [ Methods ] The data of HFRS sruveillance and the date of host animals investigation from 1984 to 2005 were obtained and analyzed by the method of cross-sectional investigation. [ Results] During the past 22 years, the total number of patients was 2621. The annual average incidence rate, fatality rate and mortality amount were 2.44/ 100 000, 0.92% and 24 respectively. The first case was found in 1984. And the first epidenfic peak was in 1986, then the incidence took on descending tendency. The second epidemic peak was in 1994 and lasted for three yeats. In 2001, the third epidemic little peak was observed. The high risk seasons in one year was from March to June and the incidence rate in rural area was higher than that in urban area. The majority of patients aged rom 20 to 49 were young peasants and the incidence of males was higher than that of females. The average density of mouse in epidemic areas was 7.35%. Rattus norvegicus was the predominant species for infection and the rate of virus carrying was 68.52%. [Conclusions] The keys to control HFRS are to kill mice in wild areas and vaccinate the young male peasants.