可调钠透析预防透析低血压的效果观察及护理

目的观察可调钠透析对血液透析中低血压及相关症状发生率的影响。方法选择既往血液透析中有低血压倾向的患者10例,采用自身对照方法,标准钠透析治疗3周后,再行可调钠透析治疗3周。监测血压、心率、透析前后体重、超滤量,实施各项护理对策,预防透析中低血压。并于第2,4,6周完成透析相关症状问卷,并实施各项护理对策,预防透析中低血压。结果可调钠透析在低血压、头晕、恶心、呕吐和肌肉痉挛等方面,发生率均显著低于标准标钠透析(P<0.05)。2组透析间期患者体重增加差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论可调钠透析有助于减少透析中低血压的发生,该方法不增加患者钠负荷及透析间期患者的体重。

The Clinical Observation and Nursing of Hypotension during the Adjustable-sodium Hematodialysis

Objective To observe the influence of adjustable-sodium dialysis on the hypopiesia and incidence of other related symptom during hematodialysis.Methods 10 patients,who prone to appearing hypopiesia in their previous hematodialysis,were selected.Every patient was respectively treated by standard-sodium dialysis and adjustable-sodium dialysis for 3 weeks in turn,6 weeks in total.The blood pressure,heart rate,hyperfiltration,body weight were monitored.Meanwhile,preventing hypopiesia in the process of haemodialysis was done by effective nursing.At the end of second,fourth and sixth weeks,the patients filled in the questionnaire about dialysis-related symptoms.Results The incidence rates of hypotension,dizziness,headache,nausea,vomit and muscle spasm in adjust-sodium dialysis were lower than that in standard-sodium dialysis(P<0.05).There was not statistically significant difference between the both groups in body weight gain(P>0.05).Conclusions The adjustable-sodium dialysis could decrease the incidence of hypotension without the body weight gain and sodium load during hemodialysis.