蒙山不同海拔高度蚊虫群落结构特点的比较研究

目的对蒙山不同海拔高度蚊虫群落结构特点进行比较研究。方法在对蒙山3个不同海拔高度的蚊虫群落进行调查的基础上，选用有关生物群落结构的特点，如丰富度、种多样性、种间相遇机率、均匀度、生物量、种群密度6个指标对不同海拔高度的蚊虫群落结构进行比较分析研究，并对其蚊虫群落的相似性指数做相关性处理。结果调查中捕获成蚊及由幼虫孵化来的成虫共计2013只，其中在200～300m处1724只，约占85％，700～800m处257只，约占13％，而在1156m的山顶处仅32只，约占2％。上述6个指标在200～300m处依次分别为13、0．345、0．272、0．310、1．20、1724；在700～800m处分别为12、0．417、0．443、0．417，0．18、257；在1156m处分别为9、0．677、0．845、0．750、0．06、32。700～800m处和1156m处的蚊虫群落结构相似性指数较高，其值为0．3625；其次为200～300m处和700～800m处，为0．1852；200～300m处和1156m处的相似性指数最低，为0．1452，相隔距离越近，相似性越大，反之亦然，这与实际调查结果相一致。结论不同海拔高度蚊虫群落的多样性有明显的不同，越是接近蒙山底部，蚊虫的丰富度、种群密度、生物量增大，而蚊种的多样性指数、种间相遇机率和均匀度因有优势蚊种的存在而逐渐降低，反之亦然。这对研究蚊虫群落结构特点有一定的指导意义。

Comparison on the characteristics of mosquito communities structure at different altitude of Mengshan mountains

Objective To compare the characteristics of mosquito communities structure at different altitude of Mengshan mountains Methods The mosquito communities structure at different altitude of Mengshan mountains were compared and analyzed with the indexes of substance content of biota （SCB）, species abundance and diversity （SAD）, probability of interspecific encounter （PIE）, community uniformiry （C U）, biomass （ BM ） and species density （SD）, and the relativity of mosquito communities comparability index was performed. Results A total of 2013 mosquitoes were colleted. Of which, a sum of 1724 mosquitoes were collected within 200-300 m, accounting for 85%. There were 257 mosquitoes at 700-800 m, accounting for 13%, and only 32 mosquitoes at 1156 m which was the top of the mountain, accounting for 2%. The six index mentioned above were 13, 0.345, 0.272, 0.310, 1.20, and 1724 at 200-300 m, 12, 0.417, 0.443, 0.417, 0.18, and 257 at 700-800 m, and 9, 0.677, 0.845, 0.750, 0.06 and 32 at 1156 m. The comparability index between 700-800 m and 1156 m was higher with the value of 0.3625, following with the indexes between 700-800 m and 200-300 m which the values were all 0.1852. And it was the lowest between 1156 m and 200-300 m with the value of 0.1452. The results showed that the distance was nearer, the comparability was bigger, according with the practical investigation results. Conclusion There was distinct difference among the mosquitoes communities diversity at the different altitude. The SCB, BM and SD of mosquito communities in higher ahitude were lower than those in lower altitude. But the CU, SAD and PIE of mosquito communities in higher altitude were higher than those in lower ahitude. Furthermore, the distance of habitats was nearer, the community structures were more similar, and vice versa. The biological diversity was of great importance to study community structure of mosquitoes.