维持性血液透析患者并发病毒性肝炎的临床研究

目的 了解维持性血液透析患病毒性肝炎的感染率及其有关因素。方法 用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测53例乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)标志物、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体，逆转录一套式PCR法检测HCV—RNA。回顾分析53例维持性血液透析患的临床资料。结果 53例维持性血液透析患肝炎病毒感染率分别为乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)22．6％、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)41．5％、HBV／HCV总感染率49．1％，HCV感染组、非感染组在输血次数、透析年限的差异有显性，而HBV感染组、非感染组在输血次数、透析年限的差异无显性。结论 病毒性肝炎仍是血液透析(HD)的主要并发症之一，其中以HCV的发生率最高。严格消毒措施，血源筛选，减少输血，对减少透析中肝炎感染至关重要。

Clinical investigation of the maintenance hemodialysis patients complicated with viral hepatitis

Objective To observe the prevalence and clini cal relevance of hepatitis B,C infection in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patie nts. Methods HBV markers and anti-HCV of 53 MHD patients were d eteded by enzyme-linked immunosorbrent assay (ELISA) methed,and HCV-RNA of those patients were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Clinical data of these patients was analysed retrospectively. Results The incidence of hepatitis B in MHD patients was 2 2.6%, hepatitis C was 41.5%. and the total infectious rate of HBV/HCV was 49.1%. There were significant differencd of blood transfusion times and the HD therapy duration between the positive group and the negative group of HCV infeation. But no significant variation of HBV infection was detected in the two group. Conclusion Viral hepatitis was one of the major complica tions in MHD patients. The incidence of HCV infection was the highest. Improving the disinfections methods, selecting blood donors strictly and reducing blood t ransfusion are crucial on reducing the incidence of viral hepatitis in MHD patie nts.