A549细胞炎症氧化应激模型Nox1启动子差异结合蛋白的筛选

目的探讨人类胎儿期大脑额叶VZ和SVZ的形态变化及神经干细胞分布的规律。方法将收集的引产胎儿按胎龄分为4
组：9~11周，14~16周，22~24周和32~36周。切取额叶内含脑室区（VZ）和脑室下区（SVZ）的脑组织固定后切片，HE、免疫组织
化学染色后观察脑室区和脑室下区细胞构筑及nestin阳性细胞的分布及其增殖状况。结果在人胎9~36周期间，VZ的厚度在
32周时才明显变薄（P<0.05）；SVZ的厚度在9~24周期间快速增厚（P<0.05），32周时未见明显变薄（P>0.05）；9~11周期间，VZ厚
度明显大于SVZ厚度，而后其厚度却显著小于SVZ的厚度（P<0.05）。从组织结构来看，VZ内的细胞密度大于SVZ内的细胞密
度，两者之间有较明显的分界线。VZ和SVZ内含有大量nestin阳性细胞，阳性物质主要沉积于细胞突起内，少量分布于胞浆，
在SVZ内可见有1~3个突起的nestin阳性细胞。随着发育的进行，nestin免疫反应程度逐步减弱。Ki67和nestin双标阳性细胞
主要位于VZ的最内层和整个SVZ内，也可见部分Ki67阴性的nestin阳性细胞。结论人胎脑发育过程中，SVZ充分扩大，VZ/
SVZ内的神经干细胞具有形态多样的特征。

Ventricular and subventricular zones under the frontal cortex of human fetus: development and distribution of nestin-positive cells

Objective To observe the morphological changes during development of the ventricular zone (VZ) and
subventricular zone (SVZ) of human fetus and the distribution pattern of neural stem cells in the VA and SVZ. Methods
Human fetuses at the gestational ages of 9-11 weeks, 14-16 weeks, 22-24 weeks and 32-36 weeks were collected, and the brain
sections of the VZ/SVZ under the frontal lobe were examined for cytoarchitecture and distribution of nestin-positive cells with
HE staining, immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. Results The thickness of VZ underwent no significant changes at
the gestational ages of 9-24 weeks (P>0.05) and became obviously thinner at 32 weeks (P<0.05), while the thickness of SVZ
increased during 9-24 weeks (P<0.05) without obvious thinning at 32 weeks (P>0.05). VZ was thicker than SVZ at 9-11 weeks
but became markedly thinner than SVZ after 14 weeks (P<0.05). The VZ contained denser cells than SVZ and showed a distinct
boundary between the VZ and SVZ. Large numbers of nestin-positive cells were detected in the VZ and SVZ, and nestin
immunoreactivity was found primarily in the cell processes and occasionally in the soma. Some nestin-positive cells in the SVZ
had 1-3 processes. Nestin immunoreactivity in the VZ and SVZ gradually grew weak with development. The cells positive for
both nestin and Ki67 were located mainly in the inner zone of the VZ and throughout the SVZ, where some nestin-positive but
Ki67-negative cells were also found. Conclusion The SVZ fully extends and the neural stem cells in the VZ/SVZ can be
morphologically heterogeneous during the development of fetal human brain.