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目的研究葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏的新生儿高胆红素血症发生率及发病特点。方法对近5年来中山市陈星海医院产科分娩的足月健康新生儿脐带血进行G6PD定量测定,对G6PD活性缺乏的患儿,按性别和酶活性缺乏的程度分组调查其高胆红素血症的发生率及发病时间。结果(1)418例G6PD活性缺乏的患儿共发生高胆红素血症82例,占19.62%。(2)在G6PD活性缺乏的患儿中,男性酶的活性极显著低于女性(P<0.01);高胆红素血症的发生率男性极显著高于女性(P<0.01);酶活性缺乏程度不同的3组患儿高胆红素血症发生率有显著差别(P<0.05);G6PD活性缺乏的患儿发生高胆红素血症的时间主要在出生后的1周内。结论在新生儿期,G6PD活性缺乏的患儿高胆红素血症的发生率较高,发病具有男性多于女性、酶活性缺乏程度越重高胆红素血症的发生率越高的特点,患儿发生高胆红素血症的高峰时间在出生后的2～4d。

A study on the morbidity and characteristics of hyperbilirubinemia among the G6PD deficiency neonates

Objective To research into the morbidity and characteristics of hyperbilirubinemia which develops among the G6PD (glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenate) deficiency neonates.Methods Determine the G6PD with umbilical blood of the mature healthy neonates who were delivered in the resent 5 years in the Obstetrical Department of our hospital.Study the morbidity and invasion-time of hyperbilirubinemia according to their sex and the deficiency extent of the enzymatic activity in the G6PD deficiency infants.Results (1) 82 cases developed hyperbilirubinemia in the 418 G6PD deficiency infants,accounted for 19.62%. (2) In the G6PD deficiency patient-infants,the enzymatic activity was much lower in male cases than in female cases (P<0.01);the morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia was much higher in male cases than in female cases (P<0.01); the morbidity took on a notable difference among the three different enzymatic activity deficiency teams (P<0.05); in the G6PD deficiency infants,the hyperbilirubinemia occurred mainly in one week after birth.Conclusion In neonatal period,the morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia is higher in the G6PD deficiency infants.The characteristics are:the disease occurs more frequently in male infants than in female infants,and the more deficiency,the higher morbidity.The peek time when G6PD deficiency infants develop hyperbilirubinemia is in 2~4 days after birth.