室温下片形吸虫卵孵化观察及尖膀胱螺感染实验

目的  研究室温下用三角烧瓶孵化片形吸虫卵的效果，以及片形吸虫毛蚴感染尖膀胱螺的试验。 方法  采用云南大理本地采集的牛体片形吸虫排出的新鲜虫卵进行孵化，分A、B两组，A组每日换水，B组不换水，观察孵化效果。 结果  在平均水温24℃的情况下，两组均在第13d孵出毛蚴，但A组（换水组）孵出较多且观察较容易，B组（未换水组）孵出较少且液体混浊影响观察，两组孵化持续时间为20~30d；用孵出毛蚴感染尖膀胱螺，未能感染。 结论  在夏季室温22℃以上可以用三角烧瓶孵化片形吸虫卵，每日更换瓶内去氯水，孵化效果较好，不用使用温箱等设备，肉眼即可观察，且成本相对较低，可适用于基层或现场；另外依据本实验结果推测尖膀胱螺可能不是片形吸虫的适宜中间宿主，成功感染还需寻找其他条件。

Hatching Fasciola eggs at room temperature and experimental infection in Physa acuta with Fasciola miracidia

Objective  To observe the results of hatching Fasciola eggs with triangle flask at room temperature and to experimentally test the infection status of Physa acuta with Fasciola miracidia. Methods  Active Fasciola eggs were initially isolated from the cxcreta of cattle fed in Dali area of Yunan province, and incubated by two groups(group A and B). Incubation water was daily refreshed in group A, and was not in group B. The hatching results were observed in two groups. Results Fasciola miracidia were hatched at average water temperature of 24℃ by the thirteenth day in two groups.The miracidia were more in production and easy observation in group A, whereas miracidium production was fewer and observation was harder due to liquid opacity. Full hatching of the miracidia consumed 20 to 30 days in two groups. Physa acuta were not infected with Fasciola miracidia. Conclusion  Fasciola eggs can be hatched into miracidia with triangle flask at above 22℃ in room condition during summer seasons. Daily change of the water deprived of chlorine may lead to favorable incubation and visual observation of the miracidia. Free use of incubator may reduce the cost, which is worthy of recommendation at basic level or field study. In addition. Our findings indicate that Physa acuta is not the suitable intermediate host for Fasciola, suggesting that Physa acuta infection needs further investigation.