中学生自杀意念及其影响因素研究

目的 了解中学生自杀意念的发生率,探讨其影响因素,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取某市4所中学的1294名中学生,利用美国疾病控制中心（CDC）青少年危险行为监测问卷的部分条目和心理健康诊断测验（MHT）等进行匿名问卷调查。结果 中学生自杀意念的报告率为18.39%,女性自杀意念的报告率显著高于男性,有自杀意念的中学生心理健康水平低;多元逐步回归分析的结果显示患有慢性病、母亲的职业是“文卫科技”人员（参照组为工人）、冲动倾向、过去1月饮酒的天数、学习焦虑倾向、过去7d玩电子游戏（包括网络游戏）的时间、对人焦虑倾向是中学生产生自杀意念的危险因素。结论 中学生自杀意念发生率较高,应根据其影响因素给予相应的干预。

Influencing Factors to Suicidal Ideation Among Middle School Students

Objective To explore the incidence of suicidal ideation and the influencing factors, and to provide evidence for intervention measures. MethodsA total of 1 294 middle school students were drawn from four middle schools in one city by cluster sampling. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among the students, which included the partial items of US CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey and MHT (Mental Health Test). ResultsThe total prevalence rate of suicidal ideation was 18.39%, and the prevalence rate was significantly higher in the female than the male. The students who ever had suicidal ideation had poorer mental health. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the risk factors to suicidal ideation were chronic diseases, mother being scientific and technical worker, liability of impulsion, the drinking days in the past month, learning anxiety, hours of playing electronic game in the past week, anxiety to people were risk factors to suicidal ideation. ConclusionThe prevalence rate of suicidal ideation is high among middle school students. Preventive measures should be given to the students according to the influencing factors.