大学生网络使用及网络成瘾的流行病学研究

目的探讨大学生网络使用及网络成瘾现状,为大学生网络成瘾干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,以网络成瘾自评量表对3所院校2 010名大学生进行流行病学现况调查。结果在大学生中,男生上网率(95.94%)明显高于女生(79.93%)(P<0.01),大一年级学生上网率明显低于其他年级(P<0.01)。大学生网络成瘾率为14.17%,男生(16.73%)明显高于女生(6.65%)(P<0.01)。家庭因素中,父母文化程度、家庭和睦程度及每月零用钱与网络成瘾率有关(P<0.01)。网络成瘾者食欲减退、睡眠障碍、全身颤抖、视力减退、眼红流泪、头晕头痛、轻生念头、烦躁不安、闷闷不乐、情绪亢奋、影响学业、人际关系和他人抱怨的检出率明显高于非成瘾者(P值均<0.01)。结论大学生网络成瘾率较高,对大学生的社会功能、身心健康已产生明显影响,社会、学校、家庭应共同采取干预措施。

Epidemiological Study on Internet Use and Internet Addiction Disorder Among College Students

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of internet use and internet addiction disorder(IAD) in college students,and to provide evidence for prevention measures.Methods Self-assessment questionnaires were used for investigation of internet use and addiction among 2 010 college students from three colleges and universities by using stratified and cluster sampling method.Results The netsurfing rate of male students(95.94%) was significantly higher than the female(79.93%,P<0.01).The net surfing rate of freshmen was significantly lower than that of other grades(P<0.01).The IAD rate was 14.17%,and it was 16.73% for male and 6.65% for female(P<0.01).The IAD rate was related to parent's culture background,harmonic relation between parents and pocket money(P<0.01).Significant differences were found in appetite,sleep,trembling,vision,headache,suicide ideation,anxiety,depression,emotion,knowledge,interpersonal relationship and complaints between students with IAD and non-IAD(P<0.01).Conclusion The prevalence rate of IAD is high in college students.IAD has effects on mental health and social function of college students.Society,school and family should collaborate to prevent and control IAD.