局部晚期直肠癌新辅助放化疗研究进展

直肠癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，近年来发病率及死亡率日趋升高。患者确诊时大多为中晚期，新辅助放化疗可有效提高局部晚期直肠癌患者的局部控制率、保肛率及病理缓解率，进而改善患者预后。局部晚期直肠癌异质性明显，多项研究对新辅助治疗的具体方案进行探索，如何优化新辅助治疗模式是进一步研究的热点。文章对近年来局部晚期直肠癌新辅助放化疗的研究进展做一综述，为局部晚期直肠癌的精准化医疗提供了参考。

Research progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with increasing incidence and mortality in recent years.Most of the patients were diagnosed at the mid-advanced stage.Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy can effectively improve the local control rate,anus preservation rate and pathological response rate of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer,and then improve the prognosis of patients.The heterogeneity of locally advanced rectal cancer is obvious.Many studies have explored the specific scheme of neoadjuvant therapy.How to optimize the mode of neoadjuvant therapy is the hotspot for further study.In this paper, we review the research progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer in recent years, in order to provide a reference for the precision treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.