腺相关病毒载体优化的研究进展

 腺相关病毒（adeno-associated viruses，AAV）是用于基因传递与表达的常用载体，具有安全性好、免疫原性低、表达稳定等优点，在基因治疗中逐步得到应用。但是AAV载体在基因治疗中仍面临着转导效率低、载体容量小、靶向性弱以及宿主的免疫反应等限制，影响了AAV载体的广泛应用。因此，AAV载体技术的优化研究在持续推进，优化策略能够提高AAV转导效率，降低机体免疫反应，调高靶向性，扩展载体容量，优化调控。本文对相关研究进展进行综述，为AAV载体在临床应用提供一定的参考。

Research progress on vector optimization of adeno-associated viruses

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a common vector for gene delivery and expression, which has the advantages of good safety, low immunogenicity and stable expression, and is gradually applied in gene therapy. However, AAV vector still faces several limitations such as low transduction efficiency, small capacity, imprecise targeting, and host immune response against the vector during clinical practicing of gene therapy, which have affected the widespread application of AAV. Due to the above limitations, various optimization strategies are carried on AAV vector to improve its applicability in the therapeutic process. In this paper, we will summarize the relative study progress and provide references for the clinical application of AAV vector.