列车乘务员艾滋病防治健康促进效果评价

目的了解海拉尔铁路客运段列车乘务员艾滋病（AIDS）防治知识水平，评价对其进行AIDS防治健康促进的效果。方法对海拉尔铁路客运段1258名列车乘务员进行调查和AIDS防治健康促进教育，对其受教育前后进行完全相同的问卷调查，对其认知情况进行多因素分析。结果经过AIDS健康促进活动，使列车乘务员AIDS防治知识的知晓率有显著提高。AIDS一般性知识的知晓率从53．2％升高到93．6％，AIDS传播途径知识的知晓率从80．8％升高到95．6％，AIDS有关问题正向态度率从83．3％升高到95．5％。同时，文化程度对AIDS防治健康促进活动效果影响显著。结论开展AIDS防治健康促进是提高广大列车乘务员的AIDS防治意识和能力的有效途径之一。在今后的健康教育过程中要考虑到受到教育者文化程度等因素的影响，与受教育者的知识需求和心理特点相结合。

Effect assessment of health education about AIDS among railway waiters in Hailaer railway transportation company

Objective To investigate the knowledge level of AIDS among 1258 railway waiters in Hailaer railway transportation company. Methods 1258 health advance. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance. Results There was significant difference after health education in understanding AIDS the ratio of correct answers in creasing from 53.2% to 93.6% on basic knowledge about AIDS and from 80.8% to 95.6% on understanding of the major transmission routes and from 83.3% to 95.5% on correct attitude of AIDS, which were affected by degree of literacy. Conclusion The health education is an effective method to improve the knowledge level of AIDS among the waiters. In the late health education, we must consider many other factors such as the literacy of the waiters. And we must combine the demand of the knowledge and psychological characteristics of the waiters.