1998～2003年中国母乳喂养与婴儿过渡期食物添加状况分析

目的]从第三次国家卫生服务调查资料中了解我国婴儿喂养现状,从而发现问题、提出建议.方法]利用第三次国家卫生服务调查的资料,对婴儿喂养情况进行描述性分析.结果]1998～2003年间我国产妇早开奶率为19%～26%,且在县（区）级以上医院或妇幼保健院住院分娩的产妇早开奶情况并不好于不在上述医院住院分娩的产妇;城乡的母乳喂养情况较好;农村地区儿童辅食添加存在问题,普遍存在辅食添加过晚的现象,而四类农村地区存在过早添加辅食现象,在四类农村,有约50%的婴儿在4个月内添加了辅食.结论]近年我国儿童母乳喂养率高,但产妇早开奶情况无明显改善;在农村地区,儿童辅食添加过早和过晚现象同时存在.

Study on breastfeeding and complementary food feeding in China from 1998 to 2003

Objective] To understand the situation of the breastfeeding and complementary food feeding in China. Method] The data of the Third National Health Services Survey of China was used to describe the infant feeding situation. Results] The analysis found that during the years from 1998 to 2003, 19%-26% mothers started breastfeeding within half an hour of birth. For those deliveries happened in hospitals, infants were not breastfed earlier than those not in hospitals. Totally, the infants were mostly breastfed in their early four months of lives. In rural areas some infants were given complementary food before 4 months old, while some others were delayed to after 6 months old. Conclusions] The analysis showed that most infants could get breastfeeding although many mothers didn't initiate breastfeeding within half an hour after birth. In rural areas some children were given complementary food extremely early while some others were delayed.