肝癌栓塞术后低钾血症的风险评估与护理对策研究

目的 评估肝癌TACE治疗后发生低钾血症的风险因素,并根据危险因素制定相应的护理对策.方法 回顾2014年8月-2015年2月救治214例肝癌行TACE的患者临床资料,分析引起低钾血症的危险因素.结果 本组23例(10.7％)患者发生低钾血症,引起低钾血症主要危险因素为:厌食、水化、呕吐、放腹水、出汗.经积极对症处理后,22例(22/23,95.6％)血钾恢复正常,1例出现肝性脑病昏迷、肝肾综合征,家属放弃治疗自动出院.结论 厌食、呕吐、水化、放腹水、出汗是TACE术后低钾血症的危险因素.低钾风险量表有利于制定护理对策.

Hypokalemia after TACE for hepatic cancer: risk assessment and nursing countermeasure

Objective To assess the risk factors for the occurrence of hypokalemia in patients with hepatic cancer after transcatheter arterial chemoembolizaion (TACE) therapy,and to discuss the corresponding nursing countermeasures.Methods The clinical data of 214 patients with hepatic cancer,who received TACE during the period from August 2014 to February 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The risk factors causing hypokalemia were analyzed.Results Among the 214 patients,post-TACE hypokalemia occurred in 23 (10.7％).The main risk factors that could cause hypokalemia included anorexia,hydration,vomiting,ascites drainage,sweating.After actively symptomatic treatment,the serum potassium level returned to normal in 22 patients.One patient developed hepatic encephalopathy coma complicated by hepatorenal syndrome,the patient's family members gave up treatment and,according to family members' will the patient left hospital.Conclusion anorexia,vomiting,hydration,ascites drainage,sweating are the risk factors that can cause hypokalemia in patients with hepatic cancer after TACE therapy.The use of low potassium risk scale is helpful for the formulation of nursing countermeasures.