血管内超声在1例颈内动脉闭塞患者介入治疗中的应用

目的 探讨血管内超声(IVUS)技术在颈内动脉闭塞经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)中的应用价值.方法 1例患者CTA明确颈内动脉闭塞,脑灌注成像见低灌注区与缺血相关症状符合,在IVUS导引下接受PTA治疗.采用微导丝及微导管同轴技术通过闭塞段,IVUS确认位于真腔内,微导管造影确认闭塞远端血管通畅,调整后放置栓塞保护器;IVUS测评斑块及管腔情况,球囊预扩张后再次测评;血管内恢复正向血流后通过IVUS虚拟组织学序列分析斑块稳定性,斑块纤维帽稳定且管腔狭窄率＜40％仅作单纯球囊扩张治疗.结果 单纯球囊扩张治疗后闭塞血管再通,恢复正向血流.IVUS全程检测狭窄段斑块纤维帽稳定,管腔狭窄率＜40％,脑灌注成像显示低灌注状态明显改善.结论 IVUS技术在PTA治疗颈内动脉闭塞中起重要导引作用,可增加再通手术成功率,降低并发症发生率.

Clinical application of intravascular ultrasound in the interventional treatment of internal carotid artery occlusion: initial experience of one case

Objective To discuss the clinical value of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in treatinginternal carotid arteries occlusion.Methods The patient was diagnosed with internal carotid artery occlusionthat was confirmed by CTA.Cerebral perfusion imaging showed that low perfusion area was consistent withischemic symptoms.Guided by IVUS,percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed.By usingmicro-catheter coaxial technology,the micro guide wire was inserted in the carotid artery until it passedthrough the obstructed segment;After IVUS examination proved that the micro guide wire was in the truelumen of carotid artery,angiography through micro-catheter was carried out to confirm that the distal arterywas unobstructed;after adjusting the device position the embolism protector was placed.The plaque andlumen condition were assessed with IVUS,which was reevaluated after pre-expansion of balloon.After normaldirection blood flow was regained,the plaque stability was assessed with IVUS virtual organization sequence.Simple balloon dilatation therapy was adopted as the fibrous cap of plaque was in stable condition and thelumen stenosis rate was ＜40％.Results After balloon dilatation,the obstructed artery was reopened and theblood flow regained normal direction.IVUS examination showed that during the whole operation process thefibrous cap of plaque at the narrowed segment remained in stable condition,the lumen stenosis rate was ＜40％.Cerebral perfusion imaging revealed that after the treatment the low perfusion state was markedlyimproved.Conclusion IVUS plays an important guiding role in performing PTA for internal carotid arteryocclusion.This technique can increase the success rate of vascular recanalization and reduce the incidence ofcomplications.