心第3冠状动脉的解剖学

目的:研究心第3冠状动脉的大体解剖学数据,为临床诊治相关疾病提供依据。方法:共收集了118个福尔马林固定的心,观测心第3冠状动脉数量、来源、分布范围、营养区域和长度及管径等解剖学数据。结果:第3冠状动脉出现率为28.8%,其中单支出现率为26.3%,双支出现率为2.5%。它通常分布于动脉圆锥、右心室前壁、室间隔及心尖中的1个或多个位置,也有些少见情况:第3冠状动脉比右冠状动脉大并结束于心尖;第3冠状动脉比右冠状动脉小且结束于心尖;心肌桥覆盖较大的第3冠状动脉。结论:心存在第3冠状动脉情况较多,它与左冠状动脉前降支吻合且分布于心尖和室间隔。因此第3冠状动脉是在疾病诊疗期间需要着重考虑的一个因素。

Anatomy of the third coronary artery in the adult human hearts

Objective:To evaluate the gross anatomy of the third coronary artery(TCA) so as to provide data for clinical treatment.Methods:118 formalin fixed adult human cadaveric hearts were collected and the heart specimens were observed and measured in terms of their number,origin,distribution,diameter and length.Results:The TCA was present in 28.8％ of the heart specimens.Single TCA in 31 hearts (26.3％) and double TCA in 3 hearts (2.5％) were noted.It was found to be variably distributed to conus arteriosus,anterior wall of the right ventricle,interventricular septum and the apex of the heart.However,there were some special species:TCA thicker than RCA extending up to inferior border of the heart and another TCA thiner than RCA extending up to inferior border of the heart.Myocardial bridge was noted over thick TCA in one specimen.Conclusion:TCA is present frequently.It anastomoses with branches of left anterior descending artery and contributes to apical and septal perfusion.Therefore,the role of TCA should always be considered during diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.