微波消融治疗结节性甲状腺肿对甲状腺功能影响的临床观察

目的 通过超声引导下微波消融(MWA)治疗与手术治疗结节性甲状腺肿的对比研究,探讨MWA治疗结节性甲状腺肿对甲状腺功能的影响.方法 选择2010年1月至2013年1月行超声引导下MWA治疗结节性甲状腺肿患者50例为观察组,其中8例行单侧叶结节消融,42例行双侧叶结节消融;另选同期因结节性甲状腺肿行甲状腺部分切除术的患者96例为对照组,其中52例因单侧叶结节甲状腺部分切除,44例因双侧叶结节甲状腺部分切除.分析观察组与对照组术后并发症及术后1周,1、3、6和12个月血清FT3、FT4、TSH指标的变化.结果 MWA术后随访12个月,观察组所有病例无并发症发生,术后1周血清FT3、FT4水平较术前升高,TSH下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),术后1、3、6和12个月F T3、FT4、TSH均在正常范围,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).对照组术后出血窒息1例,声音嘶哑5例,低钙抽搐3例.甲状腺部分切除后1周血清FT3、FT4水平较术前升高,TSH下降,差异有统计学意义(P＞0.05),其中甲状腺双侧叶部分切除的44例患者临床常规于手术后1周给予甲状腺素替代治疗,3例单侧叶部分切除的患者分别于术后3、6和8个月时出现甲状腺功能低下,其余49例单侧叶部分切除的患者术后1、3、6和12个月血清FT3、FT4、TSH与观察组同期比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 超声引导下MWA治疗结节性甲状腺肿方法安全,对甲状腺功能影响轻微,显著优于结节性甲状腺肿甲状腺部分切除治疗术,值得临床推广.

The influence of microwave ablation on the thyroid function in treating nodular goiter

Objective Through comparing ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) with surgical resection for the treatment of nodular goiter to evaluate the effect of RFA on the thyroid function.Methods A total of 50 patients with nodular goiter,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from January 2010 to January 2013 to receive ultrasound-guided MWA,were selected and used as the study group;and other 96 patients with nodular goiter,who were encountered at authors' hospital during the same period to receive partial thyroidectomy,were collected and used as the control group.Of the 50 patients in the study group,RFA of unilateral lobe nodules was performed in 8 and RFA of bilateral lobe nodules in 42.Among the 96 patients in the control group,unilateral lobe nodules were seen in 52 and bilateral lobe nodules in 44.Postoperative complications were recorded,the serum FT3,FT4,TSH levels were determined at one week,as well as one,3,6 and 12 months after the treatment.The results were statistically analyzed.Results All patients were followed up for 12 months.In the study group,no complications occurred;one week after RFA the serum FT3 and FT4 levels increased while the serum TSH level decreased when compared with preoperative ones,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).In the control group,bleeding asphyxia occurred in one patient,hoarseness in 5 patients and hypocalcemia convulsion in 3 patients.One week after partial thyroidectomy,the serum FT3 and FT4 levels increased while the serum TSH level decreased when compared with preoperative data,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).One week after surgery thyroxine replacement therapy was routinely given to 44 patients who had received bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy.Three patients who had received unilateral subtotal thyroidectomy developed hypothyroidism at 3,6 and 8 months after the surgery respectively.In other 49 patients receiving unilateral subtotal thyroidectomy the serum FT3,FT4,TSH levels determined at one,3,6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly different from those in the patients of the study group (P＜0.05).Conclusion For the treatment of nodular goiter,ultrasound-guided MWA is quite safe.MWA has very slight effect on thyroid function and is definitely superior to subtotal thyroidectomy.Therefore,MWA is a minimally invasive technique which is worthy of clinical promotion.