不同人群HCV感染状况及传播途径的研究

应用第二代抗ＨＣＶ ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂对我国中南地区部分人群 ＨＣＶ感染状况进行了血清学调查，同时对ＨＣＶ感染的传播途径进行了研究。结果表明：１．ＨＣＶ感染率在不同人群中检出不一，凡与血液接触频繁的人群感染率较高，如恶性肿瘤患者（９．９％），献血（浆）员（１２．２５％），血液病患者（２４．３％），血液透析者（３７．２％），药瘾者（６０．５％）。无明显血液接触史者则较低，如性错乱者（４．９％），医务人员（０．３３％）及健康孕妇（０．２４％）。２．经血传播是我国ＨＣＶ传播的主要途径。除频繁接触血液者ＨＣＶ感染率高以外，血液制品中丙球制剂抗 ＨＣＶ检出率为 １００％，ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ阳性率为 ３１． ９％，其余制剂中虽然抗 ＨＣＶ检出率极低，但 ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ阳性率仍达 ７． ９４％。提示应用被污染的血液制品也存在传播 ＨＣＶ的潜在危险。 ３．性接触和日常生活密切接触有可能传播ＨＣＶ，但机率较低。 ４． ＨＣＶ的家庭内聚集性感染的危险性远低于ＨＢＶ。 ５．职业性暴露感染 ＨＣＶ的危险性亦较低。 上述研究结果为阐明我国 ＨＣＶ感染流行规律及制订ＨＣＶ感染防治措施提供了客观依据。

Prevalence of HCV Infection and Risk Factors for Transmission in Different Population in China

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and risk factors for transmission in different population in china have been investegated by using the second generation anti - HCV ELISA test. Our results showed that 1. the prevalence were different in different population and anti-HCV positive rates were higher in peoples who contact blood frequently (patients with malignant tumors 9. 9%, blood donors 12. 25 %,patients with hemopathic diseases 24. 3%, blood dialysed patients 37. 2%, drug abusers 60. 5%) than peoples who contact blood rarely (sexaul workers 4. 9%,mdeical workers 0. 33%,healthy pregnant women 0. 24% ). 2. Blood exposure was predominantly responsible for HCV transmission in China. Other risk factors for HCV transmission include using blood products containminated with HCV;sexual and household exposure;oc- cupational exposure.