正常（牙合）人13～18岁颅面部宽度生长发育的纵向研究

目的：分析正常He人颅面部宽度生长发育的特点,探讨其发育规律。方法;对26名正常He青少年每年同期摄取头颅定位后前位片,连续6年,并进行X线头影测量分析。结果：（1）13－18岁,除前颅底宽,眶间距,鼻宽外,颅央部宽度多有性别差异,男性大于女性;随年龄增加,出现性别差异的项目数渐稳定。（2）相对于18岁,13岁时颅面部宽度的发育量均完成92％以上;颅宽,前颅底宽,上面骨宽和上颌基骨宽及上下磨牙间宽度已基本完成;女性眶间距,全面宽,鼻宽的发育完成量大于男性。（3）男性乳突间距（后颅底宽）,鼻宽,全面宽的发育可以持续到18岁;女性上颌基骨宽在13岁时发育已摘接近完成,男性在13－17岁增宽,以13－14岁长幅最大,17岁后趋于稳定。（4）在观察期内,牙弓宽度保持稳定,而下尖牙尖存在向心性聚合的趋势。结论：本文结果可为正畸临床制定矫治计划提供参考。

Longitudinal study of the growth of craniofacial widths in 13-18 years adolescents with normal occlusion

OBJECTIVE: To study the growth characters of the craniofacial widths and then perusing its growth pattern. METHODS: 26 adolescents with normal occlusions were selected. A posteroanterior cephalogram was taken for every subject at the same time each year for 6 successive years. Computer-aided cephalometrics was carried out. RESULTS: (1) From age 13 to 18, most items of the craniofacial widths were bigger in male than in female. With the increase of age, the items with gender differences keep stable, except the width of L-Anter, L-Ore and L-Nas. (2) Compare with the growth completion of the craniofacial widths in 18 years old, they had completed more than 92% in 13 years old, and the L-Eur, L-Anter, L-Lo, L-Max, L-UM and L-LM were almost complete as well. The growth completion quantity of L-Ore, L-Zyg, and L-Nas in female was larger than that in male. (3) The growth of L-Mas, L-Nas, and L-Zyg could keep on to the age of 18. The L-Max maitained stable in female after 13 years old, while there was a growth from age 13 to 17 in male. (4) From age 13 to 18, the tooth arch width kept stable, while the cusp of the lower canine tends to be converging. CONCLUSION: The present findings may aid orthodontists to make rational diagnosis and treatment planning.