老年精神分裂症一级亲属的认知功能及其影响因素研究?

目的：探讨老年精神分裂症一级亲属的认知功能及其影响因素。方法30例老年精神分裂症患者的健康子女(一级亲属组)、50例精神分裂症患者(患者组)、52名健康老年人(健康对照组)均接受简易智力状态检查(MMSE)、临床记忆量表(CMS)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)、连线测验(TMT-A)、数字符号(DSy)及数字广度(DSp)测验评估认知功能,采用多元逐步回归分析方法分析其影响因素。结果一级亲属组的 MMSE 总分、记忆商(MQ)、连线时间、DSy 分、DSp 分均显著高于患者组(P <0.05),其 WCST 各项成绩与患者组差异无统计学意义(P >0.05),其完成分类数、连线时间显著低于健康对照组(P <0.05)。受教育年限和 BEAM 均进入 MMSE、持续反应数为因变量的回归方程,决定系数 R 2=0.276、0.422,生活事件、BEAM、个性、亲子关系、既往职业进入 MQ 为因变量的回归方程,R 2=0.475。受教育年限与 MMSE 总分、MQ 呈显著正相关(P <0.05),与持续反应数呈显著负相关(P <0.01)；BEAM 与持续反应数呈显著正相关(P <0.01)；年龄与完成分类数呈显著负相关,与连线时间成显著正相关(P <0.05)；生活事件、亲子关系与 MQ 呈显著负相关(P <0.05)。结论老年精神分裂症一级亲属存在明显的执行功能障碍,其影响因素主要包括受教育年限、BEAM 和年龄。

Research of cognitive function and influencing factors in first-degree relatives of elderly schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the cognitive function and its influencing factors in first-degree relatives of elderly schiz-ophrenia.Methods Totally 30 cases of healthy children with elderly patients with schizophrenia(a family group ),50 cases of pa-tients with schizophrenia(patient group),52 healthy elderly subjects (health group)all accepeted mini-mental state examination (MMSE),clinical memory scale(CMS),wisconsin card sorting test(WCST),trail making test(TMT-A),number sign(DSy)and digit span(DSp)tests.The influencing factors were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression analysis method.Results The MMSE score,MQ,connection time,DSy points,and DSp scores of kinship group were significantly higher in patients group(P <0.05).The accomplishments of its WCST of patient group was with no significant difference(P >0.05),and its completed categories,connec-tion time was significantly lower than the normal group (P < 0.05 ).Years of education and BEAM were incorporated into the MMSE,the number of sustained response were the dependent variable regression equation,the coefficient of determination R 2 was 0.276 and 0.422,Life events,BEAM,personality,parent-child relationship,previous occupation MQ were the dependent variable in-to the regression equation,R 2 was 0.475.Years of education and MMSE score,MQ were significant positive correlation(P <0.05), and sustained response were significantly negatively correlated(P <0.01);BEAM and sustained response were significantly correla-ted(P <0.01);age and completed categories were significantly negatively correlated and the connection time is significant positive correlation(P <0.05);life events,parent-child relationship were significant negative correlation with MQ(P <0.05).Conclusion First-degree relatives of elderly schizophrenia have obvious executive dysfunction,the impact of factors including years of education, BEAM and age.