青年心肌梗塞危险因素的研究

目的 探讨导致青年心肌梗塞发生的危险因素。方法 对102例青年心肌梗塞患及性别相同、年龄相近的102例非心肌梗塞患用条件Logistic回归模型统计程序对一般状况、个人生活习惯、过去患病史、血脂水平、遗传和心理因素等19项内容进行单因素分析。结果 Logistic单因素分析发现吸烟、每日吸烟量、高脂饮食、精神紧张、冠心病及心肌梗塞，死亡家族史、A型性格、甘油三脂及胆固醇水平、肥胖和体重指数与发病密切相关；高血压、糖尿病、饮酒和缺乏活动两组之间无明显差异。Logistic多因素回归分析发现每天吸烟量、高血脂与心肌梗塞的发生明显相关。吸烟量与心肌梗塞发生有明确的量效关系。相关分析发现甘油三脂和胆固醇呈正相关；体重指数与吸烟量、血脂和胆固醇水平成正相关。结论 吸烟尤其大量吸烟、高血脂、心肌梗塞家族史系导致青年心肌梗塞的重要因素，而高血压、糖尿病、饮酒、缺乏活动与青年心肌梗塞无明显关系。

Risk Factors of Mycardial Infarction in Young People

Objective To explore the risk factors of mycardial infarction(MI) in young people.Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted in 102 patients of MI and 102 non-coronary heart disease control patients all aged 40 or younger from five hospitals in Linyi. The questionnaire contained general items, living customs of individual, past medical history, serum liquids, heredity and psychosocial factors, summing up to 19 varieties. Conditional logistic regression model and correlation analysis were used for data analysis.Results Univariate analysis showed that smoking,the number of cigarettes smoked per day,saturated fat diet, mental stress, family history of coronary heart disease and MI,type A behavior, elevated serum total cholesterol (TC)and triglyceride (TG),obesity and body mass index(BMI)were significantly associated with MI in young people.There were no significant differences in hypertension, diabetes, drinking and lack of physical activity between cases and controls. The number of cigarettes smoked per day, elevated serum TG and family history of MI were independently associated with MI in young people by multivariate analysis. There was a dose-response relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and MI. Correlation analysis showed a marked positive correlation between serum TC and TG. BMI was positively correlated with smoking, serum TC and TG. Conclusion The results suggest that cigarette smoking, especially heavy smoking, elevated serum TG and family history of MI are independent risk factors of MI in young people. Hypertension, diabetes, drinking, lack of physical activity are not risk factors of MI in young people.