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Mono and Dually Decorated Nanoliposomes for Brain Targeting,In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors:E. Markoutsa  K. Papadia  A. D. Giannou  M. Spella  A. Cagnotto  M. Salmona  G. T. Stathopoulos  S. G. Antimisiaris
Affiliation:1. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26510, Greece
2. Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26510, Greece
3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy
4. Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, FORTH/ICES, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
Abstract:

Purpose

Mono- and dual-decorated (DUAL) liposomes (LIP) were prepared, by immobilization of MAb against transferrin (TfR[OX26 or RI7217]) and/or a peptide analogue of ApoΕ3 (APOe) -to target low-density lipoprotein receptor(LPR)-, characterized physicochemically and investigated for BBB-targeting, in-vitro and in-vivo.

Methods

Human microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) were used as BBB model, and brain targeting was studied by in-vivo imaging of DiR-labelled formulations (at two doses and surface ligand densities), followed by ex-vivo organ imaging.

Results

LIP diameter was between 100 nm and 150 nm, their stability was good and they were non-cytotoxic. LIP uptake and transport across the hCMEC/D3 cell monolayer was significantly affected by decoration with APOe or MAb, the DUAL exerting an additive effect. Intact vesicle-transcytosis was confirmed by equal transport of hydrophilic and lipophilic labels. In-vivo and ex-vivo results confirmed MAb and DUAL-LIP increased brain targeting compared to non-targeted PEG-LIPs, but not for APOe (also targeting ability of DUAL-LIP was not higher than MAb-LIP). The contradiction between in-vitro and in-vivo results was overruled when in-vitro studies (uptake and monolayer transport) were carried out in presence of serum proteins, revealing their important role in targeted-nanoformulation performance.

Conclusions

A peptide analogue of ApoΕ3 was found to target BBB and increase the targeting potential of TfR-MAb decorated LIP, in-vitro, but not in-vivo, indicating that different types of ligands (small peptides and antibodies) are affected differently by in-vivo applying conditions. In-vitro tests, carried out in presence of serum proteins, may be a helpful predictive “targetability” tool.
Keywords:
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