南宁市麻疹、风疹流行病学监测

目的对2007～2008年南宁市麻疹、风疹疑似病例进行IgM抗体检测,分析其流行特征,探讨适合南宁市的控制策略。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对日常监测到的麻疹、风疹疑似病例血清标本进行IgM抗体检测,结果用SPSS13.0进行统计学分析。结果 2007～2008年检测的813份疑似麻疹病例样本中,麻疹抗体阳性率为31.49%,风疹为14.76%。麻疹、风疹发病时间仍在2～8月份之间。城区麻疹发病率比县份高,风疹以个别县份居高。8月龄～2岁仍是麻疹主要发病年龄,但2008年麻疹出现＂双向位移＂的现象。麻疹主要在散居儿童中高发,占62.2%,风疹则集中在学生中多发,占79%。有明确麻疹和风疹免疫史的分别为14.6%和2.8%。出疹后4～7d采血检测麻疹IgM抗体阳性率最高,为61.39%。结论本地发热出疹性疾病以麻疹为主;发病年龄分布提示疫情控制欠佳;采血时间与检出率密切相关;发病人口免疫率低。

Epidemiological surveillance of measles and rebulla in Nanning City

Aim To analyze the epidemiolocal characteristics of measles and rebulla by antibody detection.Methods ELISA was used to detect measles IgM and rubella IgM antibody.The results were analyzed by SPSS13.0.Results Totally 813 measles and rebulla cases were detected during 2007~2008 with the antibody positive rate of 31.49% and 14.76% respectively.Measles and rubella were prevalent from February and August.Measles mainly infected infants aged ranging from 8 months to 2 yeats.While rebella was mainly infected school pupils and students（accounted for 79%）.There 14.6% and 2.8% of the them with obvious history of immunization with measles and rubella vaccine.The positive rate of IgM determined was the highest,being 61.39% 4~7 days after occurrence of rash.