冠心病患者的心理社会影响因素比较研究

目的探讨冠心病患者的心理社会影响因素及临床特征。方法对30例冠心病患者和30名正常健康者,采用自编一般资料调查表、生活事件量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、应对方式问卷、社会支持问卷进行评定分析,比较影响冠心病患者健康状况的心理社会危险因素。结果研究组有明显的家族史,发病因素与遗传因素有相关性;病前遭遇生活事件总频数及精神紧张总值、负性生活事件频数及紧张值显著高于对照组(P<0.01);积极应付方式及社会支持评分明显低于对照组.差异有显著性或极显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01);消极应付方式评分明显高于对照组,差异有极显著性(P<0.01);抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表评分均明显高于对照组,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论家族史、生活事件紧张总值和焦虑抑郁情绪是导致冠心病的危险因素,积极应付方式和社会支持是对疾病有利的保护因素。对患者实施相应的社会心理干预措施,有利于患者的康复。

Comparisons of psychosocial factors of patients with coronary heart disease

Objective To explore psychosocial factors and clinical characters of the patients with coronary heart disease. Methods The psychosocial risk factors were assessed in 30 patients(research group) and 30 healthy persons(con-trol group) by the Self-made General Data Questionnaire(SMGDQ), Life Events Scale(LES), Self-rating Depression Scale and Depression Status Inventory(SDS) ,Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) , Coping Styles Questionnaire(CSQ) and Social Support Questionnaire(SSQ). Results the research group had obvious family history, pathogenic factors were related to genetic factors; total frequencies of pre-illness life events, total value of mental tension and frequencies of negative life events and value of tension were significantly higher in research group than those in control group(P<0. 01); scores of active coping style and social support were significantly lower and differences more or the most significant(P <0. 05 or 0. 01) ; score of negative coping style was significantly higher and difference the most significant(P<0. 01); scores of both the SDS and SAS were significantly higher and differences the most significant (P<0. 01). Conclusion The family history, total value of life events and anxious and depressive emotions are risk factors of coronary heart disease. Active coping style and social support are protective factors. Psychosocial interventions are propitious to patients' recovery.