Tetrazolium Violet Induced Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells |
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Authors: | Xiao-Hong Zhang Nan Zhang Jian-Mei Lu Qing-Zhong Kong Yun-Feng Zhao |
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Institution: | 1.School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100;2.Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008;3.Department of Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province;4.School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China |
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Abstract: | Tetrazolium violet is a tetrazolium salt and has been proposed as an antitumor agent. In this study, we reported for the first time that tetrazolium violet not only inhibited human lung cancer A549 cell proliferation but also induced apoptosis and blocked cell cycle progression in the G1 phase. The results showed that tetrazolium violet significantly decreased the viability of A549 cells at 5-15 μM. Tetrazolium violet -induced apoptosis in A549 cells was confirmed by {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"H33258","term_id":"978675","term_text":"H33258"}}H33258 staining assay. In A549, tetrazolium violet blocked the progression of the cell cycle at G1 phase by inducing p53 expression and further up-regulating p21/WAF1 expression. In addition, an enhancement in Fas/APO-1 and its two forms of ligands, membrane-bound Fas ligand (mFasL) and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), as well as caspase, were responsible for the apoptotic effect induced by tetrazolium violet. The conclusion of this study is that tetrazolium violet induced p53 expression which caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These findings suggest that tetrazolium violet has strong potential for development as an agent for treatment lung cancer. |
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Keywords: | A549 cell apoptosis Fas Fas ligand p21 p53 Tetrazolium violet |
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