皮肤癣菌感染动物模型的建立及抗真菌治疗的评价

目的 建立皮肤癣菌感染动物模型并评价抗真菌药物对该模型的体内疗效。方法 选择38只健康豚鼠，随机分为须癣毛癣菌感染组和犬小孢子菌感染组，用磨砂法建立皮肤癣菌感染的动物模型，每组各有1只为阴性对照。每组18只感染动物再随机分为伊曲康唑治疗组、特比萘芬治疗组、未治疗组3个组。在治疗后的第8、11、14天分别对动物模型进行皮肤病变评分和真菌学检查。结果 未进行治疗的感染动物均出现明显的皮损，且真菌学检查为阳性。须癣毛癣菌感染的伊曲康唑治疗组动物皮损评分和真菌学治愈率在第8、11、14天分别为9、1、0，66.7%、83.3%、83.3%；特比萘芬治疗组分别为8、5、1，83.3%、83.3%、83.3%；未治疗组分别为48、52、40，0%、0%、0%。犬小孢子菌感染的伊曲康唑治疗组动物皮损评分和真菌学治愈率在第8、11、14天分别为3、0、0，83.3%、83.3%、83.3%，特比萘芬治疗组分别为9、2、0，83.3%、83.3%、83.3%，未治疗组分别为46、47、39，0%、0%、0%。两组与未治疗组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01），但伊曲康唑治疗组与特比萘芬治疗组比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 伊曲康唑治疗须癣毛癣菌和犬小孢子菌感染的动物模型有良好的疗效，特比萘芬有相似的结果。

Establishment of an animal model of dermatophytosis and evaluation of the antifungal efficacy on dermatophytosis with this model

Objective To establish an animal model of dermatophytosis and to evaluate antifungal efficacy on dermatophytosis with this model. Methods Animal models of dermatophytosis were established by inoculating dermatophyte suspension onto abraded skin on the back of guinea pigs. Thirty- eight healthy guinea pigs were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups, namely, Trichophyton mentagrophytes group (infected with T. mentagrophytes), and Microsporum canis group (infected with M. canis), and each group was classified into three subgroups, i.e., itraconazole group treated with oral itraconazole of 4 mg per kilogram body weight per day from day 0 to day 14 after infection, terbinafine group treated with oral terbinafine of 5 mg per kilogram body weight per day from day 0 to day 14 after infection, and untreated group receiving no therapy. The therapeutic effect was evaluated according to skin lesion score and fungal examination results on day 8, 11 and 14 after infection. Results Obvious lesions were observed and fungal examination was positive in untreated, infected pigs on day 8 after infection. In T. mentagrophytes-infecyted pigs, the skin lesion score on day 8, 11, 14 was 9, 1 and 0 in itraconazole group, 8, 5, and 1 in terbinafine group, 48, 52, 40 in untreated group, respectively, and there was significant difference between treated and untreated groups on the three time points (all P<0.01); the mycological cure rates on the above time points were 66.7%, 83.3%, 83.3%, in itraconazole-treated pigs, 83.3%, 83.3%, 83.3%, in terbinafine-treated pigs, 0, 0, 0 in untreated pigs, respectively, with no significant difference between itraconazole and terbinafine group (all P>0.05) but statistical difference between untreated and treated groups (all P<0.01) on all time points. Meanwhile, in M. canis-infected pigs, the skin lesion score on day 8, 11, 14 reached 3, 0, 0 in itraconazole group, 9, 2, 0 in terbinafine group, 46, 47, 39 in untreated group, respectively, and mycological cure rates 83.3%, 83.3%, 83.3% in itraconazole group, 83.3%, 83.3%, 83.3% in terbinafine group, 0, 0, 0 in untreated group, respectively; significant difference was noticed in the two parameters between the treated and untreated groups (all P<0.01) but not between the two treated groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion Itraconazol and terbinafine exhibit similar excellent antifungal activity in routine model of T. mentagrophytes-and M. canis-dermatophytosis.