针孔视力在眼科流行病学调查中的应用及其意义

目的：探讨针孔视力在眼科流行病学调查中的应用及其意义。方法：于2001年对北京市内5个干休所所在的社区40岁以上共2471人进行了眼病流行病学调查。其中视力检查包括裸眼视力、针孔视力、验光和矫正视力。计入本次分析者共计2891只眼。结果：对2891只眼的针孔视力与矫正视力进行比较发现，针孔视力与矫正视力完全、近完全及基本符合率约为80％。针孔视力小于矫正视力的原因可能与远视和近视的程度偏高有关。结论：由于针孔视力与矫正视力的符合率较高，而且用针孔检测视力方法简单，易于掌握，因而在临床、大量人群的筛查或眼科流行病学调查中很有实用价值。

Use of pin-hole tested vision in the ophthalmologic epidemiology investigation

Objective:To evaluate the pin-hole tested vision used in the ophthalmologic epidemiology investigation.Method:Eye diseases were investigated in Beijing communities in 2001.There were 2471 persons aged 40 or more in the urban area of Beijing,and the total eyes in this analysis were 2891.The vision examination contained naked vision,pin-hole vision and refractive vision.Results:The comparison of pin-hole vision with corrected vision after refraction showed that the complete consistent rate,almost complete consistent rate,plus rough consistent rate of the visions tested with two different methods were appropriately 80%.The reason that the pin-hole tested vision was lower than the refraction corrected vision was probably related with the high hyperopia and myopia.Conclusion:The pin-hole tested vision is not only close to the refraction corrected vision,but also tested easily.Therefore,it is the practical method in the clinic and the epidemiology investigation.