我院347例抗菌药物致不良反应分析

目的:了解我院抗菌药物致药品不良反应(ADR)发生的原因及特点。方法:对我院2005～2009年收集到的347例抗菌药物致ADR报告进行回顾性统计、分析。结果:我院347份ADR报告中共涉及9类抗菌药物,头孢菌素类及喹诺酮类引发的ADR最多,分别占36.60%(127例)、22.77%(79例)。其中,左氧氟沙星和头孢曲松所占比例最大,分别占14.70%、12.39%;ADR累及的器官或系统以皮肤及其附件损害最多,有158例(占42.36%);由于不合理用药而导致的ADR有175例,占50.43%,其中,剂量选择错误是主要原因,无感染指征用药、选药不当、联合用药不合理、溶媒选择错误均占有一定比例。175例不合理用药导致的ADR中,头孢菌素类抗生素所占比例最高,占46.29%。结论:抗菌药物致ADR的发生与多种因素有关,临床应重视抗菌药物的合理使用,警惕可能由于抗菌药物的不合理使用而诱发的严重ADR,从而合理、规范地使用抗菌药物,减少ADR的发生。

Analysis of 347 ADR Cases Induced by Antibiotics in Our Hospital

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the cause and characteristics of ADR cases induced by antibiotics in our hospital.METHODS：347 ADR cases induced by antibiotics collected from our hospital from 2005 to 2009 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS：Of total 347 ADR cases,9 kinds of antibiotics were involved.Most of ADR cases were induced by quinolones and cephalosporins,accounting for 36.60%（127 cases） and 22.77%（79 cases）.Among them,levofloxacin and ceftriaxone took up the biggest proportion,accounting for 14.70% and 12.39%.Main clinical manifestations were lesion of skin and its appendants（158 cases,42.36%）.175 ADR cases were caused by unreasonable use of drugs（50.43%）,in which the primary cause was false selection of dosage,followed by medication for no infectious characteristics,inappropriate drug selection,unseasonable drug combination and false selection of solvent.Of 175 ADR cases caused by unreasonable use of drugs,cephalosporins antibiotics took the largest portion（46.29%）.CONCLUSION：Antibiotics-induced ADR are related with many kinds of factors.It is very important to pay more attention to rational use antibiotics in case unreasonable use of antibiotics results in serious ADR.Furthermore,ADRs will be reduced greatly through reasonable and normal use of antibiotics.