郑州地区988例甲型H1N1流行性感冒临床特征分析

目的 了解郑州地区新型甲型H1N1流行性感冒(流感)的临床特征,提高临床医师对本病的认识.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对河南省传染病医院2009年5月1日～12月30日收治确诊的988例甲型H1N1流感患者资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组患者男546例,女442例,年龄0.4 ～77岁.临床主要表现为流感样症状,包括发热、咳嗽、流涕、咽痛,其他症状有头痛、全身酸痛、恶心呕吐、腹泻等,体征有咽部充血及扁桃体肿大等.外周血WBC总数正常或偏低,单核细胞增多.胸部X线检查主要表现为肺纹理增多、肺炎、胸膜炎等.治疗首选奥司他韦,不良反应少见,可作为常规用药.本病预后良好,死亡率0.71％.危重病人多合并呼吸系统并发症,常需要机械辅助呼吸.结论 新型甲型H1N1流感传染性强,但症状轻微,死亡率不高.

Clinical analysis in 988 patients with influenza A(H1 NI)in zhengzhou

OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical characteristics of A virus subtype H1N1 influenza in Zhengzhou and improve the recognition of the disease in physicians.METHODS The epidemiological information and clinical characteristics of 988 patients with A virus subtype H1N1 influenza hospitalized in Henan Provincial of Infectious Diseases from May 1 to Dec 30 in 2009 were analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiology.RESULTS There were 546 males and 442 females in this group.The range of age was from 0.4 years to 77 years.The main symptoms were influenza-like symptoms including fever,cough nasal discharge and sore throat.Other symptoms included headache,muscular pain,nausea and vomiting and diarrhea so on.Physical signs included throat congestion and swelling of tonsil,etc.The number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood was normal or low,mononuclear increased in some cases.The chest X-ray examination showed increased lung texture,pleural thickening and pleurisy etc.Osehamivir was the first choice in treatment of A H1 NI influenza and its side effects were little,as conventional drugs.The prognosis was good,and the mortality rate was 0.71%.Respiratory complications occurred in critically ill patients,and they often need Mechanical auxiliary breathing.CONCLUSION The infectivity of the new influenza was high,but symptoms were slight.Mortality rate was not high.