河北省2006～2010年农村居民伤害监测结果分析

目的了解及分析河北省农村居民伤害状况和危害程度,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法资料来源于藁城市3家不同级别伤害监测哨点医院急诊室。对2006年1月1日～2010年12月31日首次就诊于哨点医院的伤害病人资料进行分析。结果 2006年1月1日～2010年12月31日共收集26572例伤害病例,男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.38︰1,男、女性别伤害原因构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=918.78,P﹤0.01);前5位伤害病例的原因依次是机动车车祸(40.35%)、钝器伤(18.06%)、跌倒/坠落(17.16%)、中毒(11.14%)和刀/锐器伤(9.14%);发生地点主要是公路/街道(50.21%)、家中(24.67%);中毒是老年女性的第1位伤害原因(38.25%),跌倒/坠落是0～14岁年龄组最主要的伤害原因;火器伤、刀/锐器伤、窒息/悬吊、溺水、中毒和性侵犯造成的伤害程度较重;伤害部位以头部为主;伤害发生时间有一定规律性;自残/自杀造成的伤害病例78.74%需观察或住院或转院。结论河北省2006～2010年农村居民伤害以机动车车祸、钝器伤、跌倒/坠落、中毒和刀/锐器伤为主,青壮年是高发人群,应加强伤害的预防控制工作。

Analysis of injuries among the rural residents in Hebei Province from 2006 to 2010

OBJECTIVE To understand and analyze the status of injuries and its levels among rural residents in Hebei province for providing scientific basis for the effective intervention measure.METHODS The patients who came to the hospitals’ emergency-room for the first time from 1st Jan 2006 to 31st Dec 2010 of 3 hospitals at different levels were surveyed in Gaocheng City.RESULTS Total 26 572 injuries were collected.The results showed that male victims suffered more injuries than female victims did.Sex ratio of male to female was 2.38︰1,and there were significant differences between male and female in injuries occurrence(χ2 = 918.78,P﹤0.01).The leading five injuries causes were traffic injury by motor vehicles(40.35%),stuck/hit by person or object(18.06%),falling(17.16%),poisoning(11.14%)and stab or cut(9.14%)respectively.The major places where injuries occurred were:on road/street(50.21%)and at home(24.67%).Poisoning was the first injury reason of the old female(36.84%).Falling was the main injury reason of 0-14 years age group.Injuries of gunshot,stab or cut,choking or hanging,drowning,poisoning and sexual assault were serious.The most common injured position was the head.The happening time of injuries was regular.78.74% of the intentionalself-harm injury case must need staying in hospital or transfering to another hospital.CONCLUSION The major injuries of rural residents in Hebei province are the traffic injury by motor vehicles,stuck/hit by person or object,fall,poisoning and stab or cut from 2006 to 2010.The main population is youth and adult people.It implicates that the measures should be strengthened to prevent and control injuries.