膝关节镜术后常见并发症分析及治疗

目的总结并分析膝关节镜手术的并发症及病因,探讨其预防及治疗措施。方法对2002年2月至2006年12月来我院复查的经膝关节镜手术后患者923例,随访2年,观察其治疗结果及并发症发生率。结果923例膝关节镜手术并发症率为16.25%(150/923),其中膝周无菌性炎症9.0%、慢性滑膜炎3.0%、关节粘连功能轻度受限1.3%、关节内血肿1.2%、关节内组织损伤0.75%、止血带麻痹0.1%、器械断裂0.3%、下肢深静脉血栓0.2%、隐神经髌下支损伤0.1%、反应性交感神经骨萎缩0.2%;无严重并发症。结论术前对膝关节病正确的诊断、评估、适应证的把握、术前术后器械的检查、熟练的操作技巧、正确的入路及术式、合理应用止血带,特别是术后针对不同病情进行系统正确的关节功能康复治疗及并发症的预防、心理治疗,均是减少并发症率、提高膝关节镜手术临床疗效的关键。

Analysis and Treatment of Postoperative Complications in Cases of Knee Arthroscopy

Objective To Explore the causes of postoperative complications of knee arthroscopy and to evaluate methods for prevention and treatment of complications. Methods A retrospective study on comp lications in 923 cases of knee arthroscopy between Feb 2002 and Dec 2006was made. Results The incidence of complications was 16.25% （ 150/923 ）. aseptic inflammation 9.0%, cases of synovitis 3.0%, cases of adhesion 1.3 %. Incidences of hemarthrosis 1.2% Injury of normal tissue including the cartilage, meniscus, and ligaments happened 0.75 %, tourniquet paresis 0.1%, instrument breakage 0. 3 %, deep venous thrombosis 0.2%, The Injury of the Infrapatellar Branch of the Saphenous Nerver 0. 1% ,Sudeck 0.2%. Conclusion Accurate diagnosis and valuation for the diseases with knee at premoperative,the prehension with surgical indications, check with apparatus at premoperative and postoperative, gentle and skillful manipulation, accurate joint and way of complications, and proper use of tourniquet, especially at postoperative, accurate and systemic preventing complications and recover from function of knee within different pathoegery and mantel therapy are the key factor in the reduction of complications and the elevation of therapeutical effect of knee arthroscopy.