Differential susceptibility of different cell lines to swine-origin influenza A H1N1, seasonal human influenza A H1N1, and avian influenza A H5N1 viruses |
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| Authors: | I.W.S. Li K.H. Chan K.W.K. To S.S.Y. Wong P.L. Ho S.K.P. Lau P.C.Y. Woo H.W. Tsoi J.F.W. Chan V.C.C. Cheng B.J. Zheng H. Chen K.Y. Yuen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany;2. National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt;3. Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;4. Microbiology Department, Virology Division, College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;5. Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt;6. Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, Giessen 35392, Germany;7. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States;8. Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, 12618 Giza, Egypt;9. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;10. Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, El-Sekka El-Beida St., PO Box 131, Cairo 11381, Egypt;11. Avian Influenza Group, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, United Kingdom;12. Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt;13. Institute of Poultry Diseases, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 63, 14163 Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe novel swine-origin influenza A H1N1 virus (S-OIV) causes the current pandemic. Its tissue tropism and replication in different cell lines are not well understood.ObjectiveCompare the growth characteristics of cell lines infected by S-OIV, seasonal influenza A H1N1 (sH1N1) and avian influenza A H5N1 (H5N1) viruses and the effect of temperature on viral replication.Study designCytopathic effect (CPE), antigen expression by immunofluorescence (IF) and viral load profile by quantitative RT-PCR in 17 cell lines infected by S-OIV, sH1N1 and H5N1 were examined. Comparison of their replication efficiency in chick embryo was performed. The effect of temperature on viral replication in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was determined by TCID50 at 33 °C, 37 °C and 39 °C for 5 consecutive days.ResultsS-OIV replicated in cell lines derived from different tissues or organs and host species with comparable viral load to sH1N1. Among 13 human cell lines tested, Caco-2 has the highest viral load for S-OIV. S-OIV showed a low viral load with no CPE or antigen expression in pig kidney cell PK-15, H5N1 demonstrated the most diverse cell tropism by CPE and antigen expression, and the highest viral replication efficiency in both cell lines and allantoic fluid. All three viruses demonstrated best growth at 37 °C in MDCK cells.ConclusionCell line growth characteristics of S-OIV, sH1N1 and H5N1 appear to correlate clinically and pathologically with involved anatomical sites and severity. Low replication of S-OIV in PK-15 suggests that this virus is more adapted to human than swine. |
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