大鼠脊髓慢性压迫性损伤实验模型的建立

目的：建立一种新型大鼠脊髓慢性压迫实验动物模型，为探索脊髓受压后的病理生理机制奠定基础。方法：根据大鼠脊柱解剖结构特点自行设计一种大鼠脊髓压迫器，用以制作大鼠慢性压迫模型。运用行为学、影像学、TTC、HE、Tunnel等方法，了解动物行为学变化及受压节段脊髓病理学改变，以评价模型的可靠性。结果：脊髓压迫后渐次出现肌力减退、行动瘫痪；TTC结果显示，在各时段可见脊髓缺血范围与压迫时间及压迫强度相关；压迫后，脊髓出现组织水肿、神经元空泡化、白质疏网状改变及退行性变，以及神经元和胶质细胞的凋亡。结论：（1）用大鼠脊髓压迫器制作的大鼠脊髓慢性压迫缺血性损伤模型，具有方法简单、科学、重复性强等特点；（2）脊髓压迫程度可根据实验目的不同进行调节；（3）本实验为脊髓压迫性损伤机制的研究提供了一种理想的动物试验模型。

The establishment of chronic compressed spinal cord injury model in the rat

Objective: To establish a model of chronic compressed spinal cord injury in the rat, so as to provide a basis for further studies on pathophysiologic mechanism of chronic compressed spinal cord injury. Methods: A self-made device for establishing chronic compressed spinal cord injury was designed according to the characteristics of the rat spinal column. Postoperative behavioral, imaging, and histological changes were observed. TTC, HE, Tunnel methods were used to evaluate this model. Results: The behavior testing showed all rats in compression group presented with weakness of muscle power in their hind legs and motor abnormalities. In the inclined plane test, the rats with spinal cord injury were able to maintain their position on a tilted platform at a significantly lower angle of incline than the control rats. TTC stainning showed the circulatory insufficiency areas increased as time passing by; HE and Nissel stainning showed the edema of neurons and gliocytes, vacuolation in some neurons and spongy degeneration in the white matter of the injury cord. The neuronal and neuroglial apoptosis was observed at each investigation time after compression. Conclusions: Chronic compressed spinal cord injury model established by self-made device replicates the developmental process of compressed spinal cord injury and it is simple, replicable and adjustable.