高尿酸血症致肾病的声像图研究

目的探讨高尿酸血症致肾病声像图特征及其相关性。方法高尿酸血症患者368例,正常对照组552例,入组前常规超声检查肾脏均未见异常。随后超声追踪观察5年,追踪率达97.9%,追踪的终点指标为肾脏形态学改变。结果高尿酸血症致肾脏形态学改变相对危险度RR=4.5,总体相对危险度95%可信区间(2.60~7.99),5年内超声显示率13%,高尿酸血症肾病声像图表现大体可分为:(1)尿盐结晶型;(2)尿路结石型;(3)急性肾功衰型;(4)慢性肾功不全型。结论高尿酸血症确系肾脏形态学改变的危险因素,超声可检查高尿酸血症肾病声像图变化情况,从而评价高尿酸血症肾病形态学损害程度,为临床诊断及治疗决策提供一种有价值的影像学信息。

Study on Sonographic Appearance of Nephrosis with Hyperuricemia

Objective To discuss the acoustic image characteristics of nephrosis with hyperuricemia and its relevance.Methods A total of 368 cases with hyperuricemia and a control group of 552 cases with normal kidneys on ultrasonography were involved in this analysis.The follow-up period was 5 years with the rate of 97.9%.The renal morphologic chages were the tracing targets.Results The relative risk in morphology change of the involved kidney was RR=4.5,the overall relative risk was 95%,the credible area was in 2.60-7.99 and the ultrasonic demonstration rate in 5 years was 13%.The acoustic image displayed in nephrosis with hyperuricemia was divided into 4 types:(1) rough salt crystal in urine; (2) lithes in urinary tract; (3)acute renal failure; (4) chronic renal functional insufficiency.Conclusions Hyperuricemia is really the high risk factor of kidney morphologic changes.Ultrasound may be used to trace the morphologic changes of the nephrosis with hyperuricemia,to evaluate the severity of the changes and to provide valuable informations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment decision making.