健康人与慢性牙周炎患者唾液蛋白质量浓度及白蛋白与球蛋白比值的变化

目的 对健康人1 d内唾液总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白质量浓度的变化及白蛋白与球蛋白比值（A/G）进行检测、分析，确定唾液蛋白成分较稳定的时间段，并比较此时间段健康人与慢性牙周炎患者非刺激性全唾液中的蛋白质量浓度及A/G的变化，为以唾液为基础的疾病诊断学方法建立和临床应用提供参照。方法 分别采集37名健康受试者（健康组）8:00、9:30、11:30、13:00、16:30、21:00的全唾液，并取24名慢性牙周炎患者（牙周炎组）早晨的全唾液。使用BCA法在酶标仪上检测总蛋白质量浓度，用GF-D800型半自动生化分析仪检测唾液白蛋白的质量浓度，然后计算球蛋白质量浓度及A/G。使用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果 唾液蛋白成分在早晨（8:00）空腹时较为稳定。在这段时间，健康组总蛋白（1 354.35±389.52）μg•mL-1、白蛋白（139.55±27.19）μg•mL-1、球蛋白（1 211.80±360.73）μg•mL-1、A/G 0.126 3±0.041 7；牙周炎组总蛋白（2 611.56±231.62）μg•mL-1、白蛋白（296.27±17.34）μg•mL-1、球蛋白（2 315.69±221.67）μg•mL-1、A/G 0.156 2±0.017 3。健康组总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白的质量浓度在1 d内不同时间存在明显差异（P<0.05），主要体现在饭前与饭后的差异，但A/G在1 d内基本稳定。对健康组与牙周炎组的唾液蛋白及A/G进行比较，牙周炎组的唾液总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白质量浓度较健康组明显升高，但A/G无明显差异。结论 唾液蛋白成分在早晨空腹时较其他时段稳定，可为样本采集时间提供参考。慢性牙周炎患者的唾液总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白质量浓度较健康人明显升高。

Variations in protein concentration and albumin/globulin ratio of whole unstimulated saliva obtained from healthy ;people and patients with chronic periodontitis

Objective We detected and analyzed the clinical values of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), and ALB/GLB ratio (A/G) of whole unstimulated saliva of healthy people to determine the time of day when saliva composition is relatively stable. We compared the protein concentration and A/G of whole unstimulated saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis with those of healthy volunteers to provide references for diagnostic methods and clinical applications of saliva. Methods The whole saliva of 37 healthy subjects were collected at 8:00, 9:30, 11:30, 13:00, 16:30, and 21:00. Meanwhile, the whole saliva of 24 patients with periodontitis was collected in the morning. Bicinchoninic acid method was used to detect the TP content. Saliva ALB was detected by GF-D800 semi-automatic biochemical analyzer, and the GLB and A/G were calculated. Finally, the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Results Salivary protein compositions were stable in the morning on an empty stomach. Healthy people: TP, (1 354.35±389.52) μg•mL-1; ALB, (139.55±27.19) μg•mL-1; GLB,(1 211.80±360.73) μg•mL-1; A/G, 0.126 3±0.041 7. Subjects with chronic periodontitis: TP, (2 611.56±231.62) μg•mL-1; ALB, (296.27±17.34) μg•mL-1; GLB, (2 315.69±221.67) μg•mL-1; A/G, 0.156 2±0.017 3. The contents of TP, ALB, and GLB in healthy individuals at different periods within a day showed significant differences (P<0.05), which were mainly reflected in the levels before and after meals. No significant difference was detected in A/G. The concentrations of TP, ALB, and GLB were significantly increased in patients with chronic periodontitis compared with those in healthy volunteers. However, no significant difference existed in A/G. Conclusion Salivary protein compositions are more stable in the morning than in other periods. Thus, mornings can be set as the time of specimen collection in future research. The concentrations of TP, ALB, and GLB in patients with chronic periodontitis are higher than those in healthy people.