初中学生心理健康与应对效能的关系

目的 探讨初中生心理健康与应对效能的关系.方法 采用分层随机抽样方法通过中学生心理健康量表和应对效能量表对上海市松江区363名初中生进行测查.收集的数据运用SPSS 18.0软件进行差异性检验和相关分析.结果 有34.7％的学生存在轻度或严重的心理健康问题,在强迫、学习压力、情绪不平衡等方面的比例最高;在年级上,心理健康总均分及各因子分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;不同学校学生的学习压力差异有统计学意义,其中城区学校的学生的学习压力显著高于乡镇学校的学生（t=2.424,P＜0.05）;在应对效能方面,男女生自信程度因子差异有统计学意义,男生为（6.24±2.50）分,女生（6.86±2.32）分,（t=-2.393,P＜0.05）,在年级上应对效能的胜任力、自信程度因子差异有统计学意义（F为4.312、4.340,P＜0.05）;初中生的自我与应对效能呈显著正相关.结论 通过有效方式提升应对效能有利于提高初中生的心理健康水平.

The relationship between mental health and coping efficacy among middle school students

Objective To study the relationship between mental health and coping efficacy among middle school students. Methods By using Mental Health Inventroy of Middle-school students （MMHI-60） and coping self-efficacy scale, 363 students were selected from two middle schools in Songjiang District of Shanghai City. Data were analyzed by using SPSS for Windows 18.0 for difference test and correlation analysis. Results Among the students, 34. 7% of them had mild or severe mental health problems, especially in force, learning pressure, emotional imbalance. The total scores and mental health related factors showed significant differences in different grades （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Learning pressure in different school students had significant differences, the pressure in urban schools was significantly higher than that in rural schools （t = 2. 424, P 〈 0.05 ）. About operational effectiveness, confidence factor had significant difference between girls and boys （6. 24 ± 2. 50 in boys, 6. 86 ± 2. 32 in girls, t = 2. 393, P 〈 0. 05）. The competence of operational effectiveness and the degree of confidence had significant differences in different grades （ F = 4. 312, 4. 340, P 〈 0. 05）. The self and operation- al effectiveness of junior middle school students was positively related. Conclusion It is helpful to cultivate positive coping efficacy for improving mental health of middle school students.