浙江省台州市成人慢性病行为危险因素调查

目的了解台州市成人慢性病相关行为危险因素的分布和发生水平,为制定有针对性的综合干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取30个社区751名15~69岁当地户口居民进行问卷调查。结果调查人群超重率、肥胖率分别为24.0%和6.5%,男、女性超重肥胖率分别为31.1%和30.0%;吸烟率为26.8%（标化吸烟率18.8%）,男性为52.3%,女性为1.3%,男性高于女性（χ^2=248.522,P=0.000）。被动吸烟率为46.0%,女性（50.9%）高于男性（35.8%）。饮酒率为31.4%,男性为52.0%,女性为10.9%,男性高于女性（χ^2=147.141,P=0.000）。规律锻炼率为15.4%、高脂饮食率为18.1%、高盐饮食率为21.6%;自报高血压、高血脂和糖尿病的患病率分别为16.2%、7.6%和5.6%,高血压、高血脂、糖尿病健康知识的知晓率不高。结论台州市居民中普遍存在吸烟、被动吸烟、不合理膳食、超重肥胖、缺少体育运动等行为危险因素,应积极采取相应的行为干预措施,以降低慢性病发病率。

Investigation on behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases among adults in Taizhou City,Zhejiang Province

Objective To understand the distribution and prevalence of major behavioural risk factors in NCDs among adults in Taizhou,and provide evidence for implementation of integrated intervention measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 751 residents who were aged 15- 69 years from 30 communities through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 24. 0% and 6. 5%,respectively. The rate of overweight and obesity was 31. 1% in male and 30. 0% in female. The total smoking rate among investigated people was 26. 8%（ Standardized smoking rate was 18. 8%）,while the rate of 52. 3% in male was higher than that in female（ 1. 3%）（ χ^2= 248. 522,P = 0. 000）; the rate of passive smoking was 46. 0%,while the rate of 50. 9% in female was higher than that in male（ 35. 8%）. The rates of drinking was 31. 4%,while the rate of 52. 0% in male was higher than that in female（ 10. 9%）（ χ^2= 147. 141,P = 0. 000）. The rates of regular exercise,high-fat diet,high-salt diet were 46. 0%,31. 4%,15. 4%,18. 1% and 21. 6%,respectively. Self-reported rates of hypertension,hyperlipemia,diabetes mellitus in the participants were 16. 2%,7. 6%,5. 6%,respectively. The healthy awareness about hypertension,hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus were scarce. Conclusion Behavioral risk factors are widely existed in Taizhou residents. Countermeasures should be adopted and scientific life-style and healthy behaviour should be set up to improve their living quality and reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.