超声探测颈项透明层检测早期胎儿异常

目的评价超声探测颈项透明层在检出早期胎儿异常方面的作用。方法于孕11～14周测量胎儿颈项透明层厚度，并随诊观察。结果通过超声探测共检出52例颈项透明层增厚的胎儿，其中6例非整倍体染色体异常的胎儿，7例正常染色体但随诊发现严重并发症的胎儿，与颈项透明层增厚但染色体及预后正常的胎儿相比，上述异常胎儿在于孕11～14周时的颈项透明层显增厚(平均厚度6．8mm对3．5mm)，且大多数进展为妊娠中期时的颈部水肿，并合并其他超声异常。结论超声测量颈项透明层厚度能早期有效地检出异常胎儿及合并其他严重并发症的胎儿，且超声随诊观察颈项透明层厚度的变化对于鉴别诊断及评价预后有很大帮助。

Ultrasonographic Estimation of Earlier Abnormal Fetues Using Nuchal Translucency Thickness

Objective To assess the ultrasonographic detection of nuchal translucency thickness in identifying abnormal fetuses. Methods Fetal nuchal translucency thickness was measured between 11-14 weeks of gestation with serial follow-up ultrasound examinations. Results In a 2-year period, 52 fetuses with increased nuchal translucency thickness had been identified. Among them, 6 aneuploid fetuses had been identified, and 7 fetuses of normal karyotype had serious complication in follow up. Compared with the increased nuchal translucency thickness of the fetuses with normal karyotype and normal follow-up, they had a much thicker nuchal translucency thickness in the first trimester (average 6.8 mm vs 3.5 mm), and in the most cases, the nuchal translucency evolved into nuchal edema in the second trimester, and other abnormalities were detected by ultrasound. Conclusions Estimation of increased nuchal translucency thickness by ultrasound is effective in detecting abnormal fetuses or fetuses with other abnormalities, and the changes of nuchal translucency observed by follow-up ultrasound may play an important role in differental diagnosis and in predicting the prognosis.