Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in carotid atherosclerotic disease |
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Authors: | Li Dong William S Kerwin Marina S Ferguson Rui Li Jinnan Wang Huijun Chen Gador Canton Thomas S Hatsukami Chun Yuan |
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Institution: | 1. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 2. Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 3. Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 4. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Abstract: | Histological studies have shown that the myocardium consists of an array of crossing helical fiber tracts. Changes in myocardial fiber architecture occur in ischemic heart disease and heart failure, and can be imaged non-destructively with diffusion-encoded MR. Several diffusion-encoding schemes have been developed, ranging from scalar measurements of mean diffusivity to a 6-dimensional imaging technique known as diffusion spectrum imaging or DSI. The properties of DSI make it particularly suited to the generation of 3-dimensional tractograms of myofiber architecture. In this article we review the physical basis of diffusion-tractography in the myocardium and the attributes of the available techniques, placing particular emphasis on DSI. The application of DSI in ischemic heart disease is reviewed, and the requisites for widespread clinical translation of diffusion MR tractography in the heart are discussed. |
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