48例急性白血病患者细菌感染特点及药物敏感性分析

目的　了解近期急性白血病患者化疗期间医院感染特点和细菌分布及其对抗生素的敏感性。方法　分析48例急性白血病患者化疗期间医院感染的临床特点、细菌培养结果和药敏试验。结果　急性白血病患者化疗期间易发生感染，以革兰阴性细菌较多见，依次是大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、铜绿色假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌等9种。革兰阳性细菌多见为粪肠球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、屎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和尿肠球菌。同一种抗生素对不同种或同种细菌的敏感性均不同。结论　临床上及时进行细菌培养和药敏试验，对合理选用抗生素，尽快控制感染，顺利度过化疗粒缺期有重要意义。

Clinical Analysis of the Bacterial Infection Character and Drug Susceptibility of 48 Patients with Acute Leukemia

Objective To explore the recent bacterial infection character, the bacteria distribution and drug susceptibility in the chemotherapeutic period of the acute leukemia. Methods The clinical character, germiculture and drug susceptibility tests were retrospectively studied in the chemotherapeutic period of the 48 patients with acute leukemia.Results The patients with acute leukemia were easy infected by bacteria in the chemotherapeutic period. The Gram negative bacilli was easier to infect than the Gram positive bacilli. In the Gram negative bacilli the order of serverity was as follows:Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus coprophilus and so on; the Gram positive bacilli were Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Straphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus urogaster. The same antibiotic was aimed at the different bacteria,the drug susceptibility was different; the same antibiotic was aimed at the same bacteria, the drug susceptibility was also different. Conclusion It is important to conduct germiculture and drug susceptibility timely for proper chosing antibiotic to control infection and ensure that patients can pass the chemotherapeutic period safely.