模拟骨水泥型人工关节制作骨水泥阻塞骨干髓腔的动物模型

背景:临床上对骨水泥型人工关节并发症的研究已经很多,但是目前骨水泥型人工关节植入后对股骨远端影响方面的研究尚缺乏。目的:为观察骨水泥固定型人工关节植入后对股骨远端的影响提供一个理想的动物模型。设计:对照观察。单位:广西壮族自治区人民医院。材料:健康成年新西兰大白兔16只,清洁级,雌雄不限,体质量2.6～3.5kg。方法:实验于2002-07/2003-04在重庆医科大学实验动物中心完成。取大白兔16只,根据兔存在有第3转子这个特殊的解剖结构,采用不打断股骨颈,在第3转子上方横行锯掉大转子外侧部分,在转子间窝找到骨髓腔入口,左侧股骨髓腔内灌注骨水泥,建立单纯以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥阻塞骨干髓腔的兔动物模型。右侧作为对照侧。模型制作后即麻醉状态下处死兔进行指标观察。主要观察指标:兔股骨大体及X射线片观察结果。结果:16只兔进入结果分析。①兔股骨大体解剖观察,骨水泥骨髓腔内充填良好,股骨中段以上完全阻塞,完全达到了阻塞股骨近中段骨干髓腔的目的。②X射线片显示骨水泥骨髓腔内充填良好,股骨中段以上完全阻塞,可以看到明显的骨水泥影的存在。结论:该方法成功模拟骨水泥固定型人工关节,制作了骨水泥阻塞中段以上骨干髓腔的兔动物模型。

Animal model of femoral medullary cavity block with bone cement for imitating artificial joint of bone cement

BACKGROUND: There are so many researches on complication of artificial joint of bone cement in clinics, but the effect of implanting artificial joint of bone cement on distal femoral shaft is unclear.OBJECTIVE: To provide an ideal animal model for study the effect on distal femoral shaft after implanting the artificial joint of bone cement.DESIGN: Controlled observation.SETTING: People's Hospital in Guangzi Zhuang Autonomous Region.MATERIALS: A total of 16 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits, of clean grade, of both genders, weighing 2.6-3.5 kg, were selected in this study.METHODS: The experiment was completed in the Experimental Animal Centerof Chongqing Medical University from July 2002 to April 2003. According to the third rotator, neck of femur of rabbits was not broken off;meanwhile, lateral part of greater trochanter was sawed up above the third rotator, entrance of medullary cavity of bone was found among fossas of rotator, and bone cement was perfused into left femoral medullary cavity by blocking of proximal and middle femoral medullary cavity with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to establish the rabbit model. Right side of rabbits was regarded as the control. Rabbits were sacrificed under drugged state after modeling establishment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of gross femur and X-ray image of rabbits.RESULTS: A total of 16 rabbits entered the final analysis. ① Gross dissection showed that the femoral medullary cavities of rabbits were well filled with PMMA and completely blocked above their middle segments. It suggested that the method for setting up animal model achieved the purpose of blocking the proximal and middle femoral medullary cavity. ② X-ray image further confirmed that the femoral medullary cavities of rabbits were well filled with PMMA and completely blocked above their middle segments.CONCLUSION: The rabbit model was successfully established by blocking the proximal and middle femoral medullary cavity for imitating the fixed artificial joint of bone cement.