鞍钢工人的肿瘤危险度——肺癌病例-对照研究

对鞍钢男工中６１０例肺癌新发病例及９５９例对照进行了访问调查。经吸烟、其他肺疾患、家族肿瘤史、食用水果等非职业因素调整后，岗位工龄等于或超过１５年的下列工人的肺癌危险度显著增高：冶炼工和轧钢工（ＱＲ＝１．５，９５％ＣＩ＝１．１～２．２），耐火砖厂工（ＯＲ＝２．９，９５％ＣＩ＝１．４～５．９），装卸工（ＯＲ＝２．５，９５％ＣＩ＝１．０～６．１），焦炉工（ＯＲ＝３．４，９５％ＣＩ＝１．４～８．５）。各种粉尘和Ｂ［ａ］Ｐ暴露与肺癌危险性呈显著的剂量－反应关系，但与粉尘的特殊成分未见此种关联。长期暴露于污染物的钢铁工人的肺癌的危险度增加４０％。

Risk of lung cancer among iron and steel workers in Anshan, China--case-control study]

A case-control interview study on 610 lung cancer patients and 959 controls was conducted among male workers in Anshan Iron-steel Complex. After adjusting for non-occupational risk factors, such as smoking, pulmonary disease, family history of cancer and the consumption of fruit, risks for lung cancer were significantly higher in workers engaged in smelting and rolling (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.2), in the fire-resistant brick factory (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.4-5.9), in general loading (OR = 2.5 95% CI = 1.0-6.1), and in coking (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.4-8.5) for 15 or more years. Significant dose-response was observed for exposure to total dust and B[a]P, but not for specific chemical components of dust. The lung cancer risk increased 40% in iron and steel workers with long term occupational exposure.