Decreased skin temperature of the foot increases gait variability in healthy young adults |
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| Authors: | Ryuichi Sawa Takehiko Doi Shogo Misu Kota Tsutsumimoto Hidemi Fujino Rei Ono |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Community Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan;2. Section for Health Promotion, Department for Research and Development to Support Independent Life of Elderly Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan;3. Kobe City Hospital Organization, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe, Japan;4. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan;1. School of Physical Education and Sport at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil;2. Department of Physical Education, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University, Brazil;1. Nebraska Biomechanics Core Facility, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA;2. Movement to Health Laboratory (EA 2991), Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France;3. Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (UMR 7291), CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France;4. Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA;1. Program in Physical Therapy and G.H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA;2. Program in Physical Therapy, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA;3. G.H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA;4. G.H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Alzheimer''s Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA;5. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA;1. Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA;2. Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA;3. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;4. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;5. Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | We investigated the effects of reduction in plantar skin temperature on gait. Thirty-four healthy subjects (20 men and 14 women; mean age 22.2 ± 2.5 years; mean height 166.8 ± 8.3 cm) walked 16 m under two different conditions – normal conditions (NC) with the skin at a basal temperature, and cold conditions (CC) after cooling of the plantar skin to about 15 °C. Wireless motion-recording sensor units were placed on the back at the level of L3 and on both heels to measure acceleration and angular velocity. Gait velocity and mean stride, stance and swing times were calculated. The variability of lower limb movement was represented by the coefficients of variation (CVs) of stride, stance and swing times, and that of trunk movement was represented by autocorrelation coefficients (ACs) in three directions (vertical: VT; mediolateral: ML; and anteroposterior: AP). Gait velocity was significantly lower under CC conditions than under NC (p < 0.0001). None of the temporal parameters were changed by plantar cooling. However, all parameters of gait variability were significantly worse under CC, and AC-VT, AC-ML, and AC-AP were significantly lower under CC than under NC, even after adjusting for gait velocity (p = 0.0005, 0.0071, and 0.0126, respectively). Our results suggest that reducing plantar skin temperature induces gait variability among healthy young adults. Further studies are now needed to explore the relationship between plantar skin temperature and gait in the elderly. |
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