Gait adaptability and brain activity during unaccustomed treadmill walking in healthy elderly females |
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| Authors: | Hiroyuki Shimada Kenji Ishii Kiichi Ishiwata Keiichi Oda Megumi Suzukawa Hyuma Makizako Takehiko Doi Takao Suzuki |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Section for Health Promotion, Department for Research and Development to Support Independent Life of Elderly, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan;2. Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan;3. Faculty of Health Science, Department of Rehabilitation, Course of Physical Therapy, University of Human Arts and Science, Japan;4. Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan;1. Faculty of Integrated Human Studies and Social Sciences, Fukuoka Prefectural University, Tagawa, Fukuoka, Japan;2. Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan;1. Consortium Research Fellows Program, 4214 King St., Alexandria, VA 22302, United States;2. Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, 71 Frankland Road, Hopkinton, MA 01748, United States;3. Department of Kinesiology and Health, 106 Phillips Hall, 420 S. Oak Street, Oxford, OH 45056, United States;1. Widener University, Institute for Physical Therapy Education, Chester, PA, United States;2. Pacific University, College of Health Professions, Hillsboro, OR, United States;3. Temple University, College of Health Professions, Philadelphia, PA, United States;4. UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States;5. Living Independently for Elders, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States;1. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland;1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, USA;2. Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, USA;3. Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, UniServices House, 70 Symonds Street, New Zealand;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study evaluated brain activity during unaccustomed treadmill walking using positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose. Twenty-four healthy elderly females (75–82 years) participated in this study. Two PET scans were performed after 25 min of rest and after walking for 25 min at 2.0 km/h on a treadmill. Participants were divided into low and high step-length variability groups according to the median coefficient of variation in step length during treadmill walking. We compared the regional changes in brain glucose metabolism between the two groups. The most prominent relative activations during treadmill walking compared to rest in both groups were found in the primary sensorimotor areas, occipital lobe, and anterior and posterior lobe of the cerebellum. The high step-length variability group showed significant relative deactivations in the frontal lobe and the inferior temporal gyrus during treadmill walking. There was a significant relative activation of the primary sensorimotor area in the low step-length variability group compared to the high step-length variability group (P = 0.022). Compared to the low step-length variability group, the high step-length variability group exhibited a greater relative deactivation in the white matter of the middle and superior temporal gyrus (P = 0.032) and hippocampus (P = 0.034) during treadmill walking compared to resting. These results suggest that activation of the primary sensorimotor area, prefrontal area, and temporal lobe, especially the hippocampus, is associated with gait adaptability during unaccustomed treadmill walking. |
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