护理学本科生专业适应性的影响因素分析

目的：了解影响护理学专业本科生专业适应性的各种因素及其作用机制。方法采用专业适应性量表问卷对2010、2011级1105名学生进行调查，用SPSS 16.0软件对所得资料进行统计分析，计量资料以x±s表示，计数资料以百分比表示，根据年级、性别等变量分类的不同学生组间比较用t检验或方差分析。结果护理本科生专业适应性平均得分为（102.66±14.93），专业适应性水平在不同年级、性别之间差异具有统计学意义（P=0.0043，P=0.0015）。在可能影响专业适应性的其他因素，包括高考文理科不同生源、家庭所在地、家庭月收入等的调查中，仅在专业承诺一项指标中，文理科之间以及城镇和农村学生之间差异具有统计学意义（P=0.0298， P＝0.0070）。结论年级、性别是护理本科生专业适应性的主要影响因素，文理科不同生源等其他因素对专业适应性无明显影响。

Analysis of influencing factors of professional adaptability for college nursing students

Objective To understand the influencing factors of professional adaptability for college nursing students and the mechanism. Methods A group of 1 105 college students from grades 2010 and 2011 were surveyed with questionnaire for professional adaptability. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Measurement data were expressed as x±s while enumeration data were expressed as percentage. t test and variance analysis were used to compare the differces among groups of different grades and genders. Results The professional adaptability mean score of college nursing students was （102.66 ± 14.93） and significant differences in professional adaptability were observed between different grades and genders （P=0.004 3, P=0.001 5）. The possible influencing factors professional adaptability were different sources of students, family location, family income, etc. There were statis-tic differences in professional promise between arts and science students and between rural an urban students （P=0.029 8, P=0.007 0）. Conclusion Grade and genders are the main influencing factors for professional adaptability of college nursing students while other factors exert little effect on it.