黄芩地上部分与根部的化学成分比较研究

目的 对黄芩的根、茎和叶3个部位进行化学成分比较，揭示黄芩不同部位的化学成分的差异，为黄芩资源的合理、充分利用和黄芩茶的科学应用奠定理论基础。方法：采用HPLC—DAD方法，YMC．packODS—A色谱柱（4．6mm×250mm，5μm）；流动相为甲醇-乙腈-0．1％甲酸水梯度洗脱，流速为1．0mL·min^-1，柱温为30℃，检测波长为278nm。结果：黄芩的根、茎和叶均主要含有黄酮类成分，地上部位与根部差别明显，通过聚类分析和主成分分析能够明显区分，通过对照品指认发现：黄芩茎叶中黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素等含量较低；野黄芩苷、芹菜素7-0-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、白杨素7-0-β-D．葡萄糖醛酸苷等成分含量相对较高，特别是有一未知2号色谱峰较高，值得注意；茎、叶部位差别不明显。结论：采用HPLC—DAD方法，并结合聚类分析和主成分分析能够明显区分黄芩的根、茎和叶3个部位。

Comparative Study Chemical Composition in Aerial Parts and Roots of Scutellaria baicalensis

Objective ：To reveal chemical composition difference in stem, leaves and roots of Scutellaria baicalensis for comprehensive use. Methods： The separation was carried out through a gradient isocratic elution using a YMC-pack ODS-A （4. 6 mm · 250 mm, 5 μm） column and a mobile phase consisting of water-acetonitrile-methanol at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1 The detection wavelength was set at 278 nm. The column temperature was 30℃. Results： The root, stem and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis all mainly contain flavonoids, the ground parts and roots of Skullcap was significantly different by cluster analysis and principal component analysis. By comparing the reference substance baiealin, it was shown that wogonoside, baicalein and wogonin were low level, and scutellarin, apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide, chrysin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide and other ingredients were relatively high, especially with a higher content of No. 2 peaks （not identified） in leaves and stem of Scutellaria baicalensis; No obvious difference was founded between stems and leaves of the plant. Conclusion： HPLC - DAD method combined with cluster analysis and principal component analysis can clearly distinguish the skullcap root, stem and leaves.