合肥市2004年流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫情分析

目的了解合肥市2004年流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)高发的原因,为制订预防控制策略提供依据。方法对流脑病例的流行病学、临床、实验室检测资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果合肥市2004年共发生流脑69例,发病率为1.50/10万,较前5年平均发病率上升了10倍。经实验室和流行病学诊断的病例C群占20.29%,A群占18.84%,其余为临床诊断的未分型病例。对1 171名密切接触者咽拭子采样检测平均带菌率为8.28%;其中以初中生和高中生带菌率为高,分别为14.07%和14.76%。所带菌群以C群最高,平均为4.27%;死亡病例和爆发病例的密切接触者中,C群带菌率分别为30.1%和14.7%。结论做好流脑的临床诊治和预防控制,必须开展流脑的病原学检测,并对密切接触者进行带菌检测,有针对性的采取预防控制措施。

Analysis on Cerebrospinal Meningitis in Hefei City in 2004

Objective To know the reason of the high break of cerebrospinal meningitis in Hefei City in 2004 and to offer evidence for working out strategy on controlling and preventing of break of cerebrospinal meningitis.Methods To describe and make epidemiological analysis on clinic and laboratory of the cases of cerebrospinal meningitis.There have been 69 patients who suffered from epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Hefei in 2004.The rate is 1.5 per 100 thousand,which is 10 times higher than the average rate of the last five years.In order to find out the cause of the epidemic,we have analyzed the conditions of the patients and the people who have had close contacts with them.Results The results have indicated that group C of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,according to laboratory and theoretical diagnosis,takes up 20.3%,and group A takes up 18%,while the rest were the cases which did not yet sort in clinic.By detecting the throat secretion samples of the 1171 people who have had close contacts with the patients,we know that the average rate of bacteria carriers among them is 8.28%.The rates among the junior and senior high school students are 14.07% and 14.76% respectively,ranking the top two.And the rate of group C of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis bacteria carriers is the highest,being 4.27% on average.Among the people who have had close contacts with the fatal cases, the rate of bacteria carriers of Group C is as high as up to 30.10%.Some schools where epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis broke out have a rate of 14.70% for group C bacteria carriers.Therefore,it is suggested that we should make correct diagnosis,and give proper treatment in time,while taking measures to control the disease from further spreading during the epidemic breakout.Conclusions We should diagnose the sort of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and examine the people who have close contacts with the patients.