北京某社区老年高血压患者认知功能调查

目的了解社区60岁以上老年高血压患者的认知功能情况。方法选择社区60岁以上老年高血压患者为调查对象,同社区未患高血压的老年人为对照,以简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)来评估两组人群的认知功能状况。结果与对照组比较,老年高血压组的MMSE总分差异无统计学意义(27.98±2.68比28.37±2.81,t=1.634,P=0.103),但在回忆分项得分差异有统计学意义(2.27±0.84比2.46±0.76,t=2.747,P=0.006);而MoCA总得分、视空间与执行功能、语言、延迟回忆得分均明显减低,差异均有统计学意义(24.61±4.55比25.61±4.44,t=2.572,P=0.01;3.78±1.37比4.04±1.22,t=2.355,P=0.019;2.22±0.80比2.39±0.74,t=2.698,P=0.007;2.39±1.60比2.66±1.60,t=1.978,P=0.048)。结论老年高血压患者认知功能受损,MoCA对认知功能减退患者敏感度较高,可作为临床早期筛查认知功能减退的首选量表。

Investigation of cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients in community of Beijing

Objective To investigate the relationship between hypertension and cognitive function in community-based elderly people aged 60 and over in Beijing. Methods A total of 264 patients with hypertension and 271 cases of patients with normal blood pressure were investigated in this study. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA） and Mini-Mental Status Examination （MMSE） were used to determine cognitive change. Results The MMSE scores of total score showed no significant difference （27. 98 ±2. 68 vs. 28.37 ±2. 81, t = 1. 634, P =0. 103）. The subscores of memory showed significantly decreased in hypertensive group （2. 27 ± 0. 84 vs. 2.46 ± 0. 76, t = 2. 747, P = 0. 006）. The MoCA scores of total score, subscores of visuospatial and executive, language, delayed recall were significantly decreased in hypertensive group （24.61 ±4.55 vs. 25.61 ±4.44, t=2.572, P=0. 01; 3.78±1.37 vs. 4.04± 1.22, t=2.355, P=0.019; 2.22 ±0.80 vs. 2.39 ±0.74, t =2.698, P=0.007; 2.39 ± 1.60 vs. 2. 66 ± 1.60, t = 1. 978, P = 0. 048, respectively ） . Conclusions Hypertension has damage on the cognitive function of patients. MoCA is sensitive in clinical assessment of cognitive impairment.