高空气球飞行对水稻,青椒的诱变效应

利用高空气球搭载水稻，青椒干种子。将其置于海拔３０－４０ｋｍ，高空。飞行８ｈ后，回收并地面种植，观察其后代的生长，发育，结实，抗病性及品质等性状。水稻再现变异，与灿稻不育系杂交的粳稻恢复株，并且有良好良种优势，结实率，种子的饱满度。

Mutation Effect of High Altitude Balloon Flight on Rice and Green Pepper Seeds

Dry seeds of rice and green pepper were carried in the basket of a high altitude balloon to 30-40 km for 8 h. The treated seeds were planted on the ground and characters of these seeds and their progenies, such as development, fruiting, disease resistance were observed. The results showed that the SP2 generation of the treated rice showed strong mutation. A Japonica male fertility restorer rice line was found out. It could be hybridized with sterile line of Indica rice, and their progeny had strong hybrid vigor, high setting percentage and good plumpness of grain. Disease resistance, high-yield, big-fruit and high vitamin C content strains were selected from the progenies of treated green pepper seeds. The above results indicated that the special conditions in high altitude could produce a variety of mutations and most of them are hereditable. Therefore, high altitude balloon flight can be used as a new method of mutation breeding.